陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

陈凯一语： Kai Chen's Words:

保尔. 约翰逊（Paul Johnson）在如下文章中所阐述的观点与我几年前所撰文章（“最佳社会四大要素”Four Essentials）不谋而合。 语言本身携带价值或反价值/伪价值。 一个人要自由就必须逐渐减少中文（或其它语言）对自身的限制与影响而逐渐增加英文能力与影响。 灵比脸重要的多。

Paul Johnson's article on English language and Freedom coincides the points I made in my article "Four Essentials" a few years ago. Language itself is never value-free or value-neutral. If one wants to be free, he/she must gradually reduce the negative effect of his own mother language, be it Chinese or some others. And he/she must make an effort to improve his/her English ability. The health of the soul is always more important than a shiny face or a person's vanity.

---------------------------------------------------

Jewish World Review (Posted 6/1/2010, Reprint 9/7/2011)

http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2010/0607/o...h-language.html

The English Language and Freedom
英文语言奠基自由精神

By Paul Johnson
http://www.JewishWorldReview.com

While playing a tiny part in Britain's recent election, I noted one aspect of it with concern: Some of the people to whom we'd given the right to vote spoke little or no English. As the electoral arguments, especially the televised debates between the party leaders, were conducted entirely in English, how could these voters know what they were voting for?

It's my view that Britain and the U.S. do not do enough to promote the spread of English, which thereby decelerates or even reverses the spread of democratic freedom. There's little doubt, for instance, that the hostility of the Muslim world toward the West is promoted by the failure of Muslim countries to develop democratic institutions, which, in turn, has been brought about by a resistance to the spread of English. Even among educated Muslims few have read the writings of British philosophers John Locke and Edmund Burke, not to mention those of America's Founding Fathers, which has lead directly to a lack of understanding of what the West is about.

This problem will intensify as China moves massively and confidently onto the world scene. Very few mainland Chinese speak English nor do they have any conception of the liberal tradition that the language enshrines. It's alarming to realize that the Chinese government is spending massive amounts of money and deploying large numbers of people (by one calculation more than 1 million) to spread its notions and influence in Africa--cultural and political ideas that differ greatly from the West's.

Fortunately it's a different story in India, and the responsibility for this rests largely with one man, the historian Thomas Babington Macaulay. In 1834 Macaulay was sent to India as an administrator, and the next year he found himself president of the Committee of Public Instruction for Bengal. As such, Macaulay made up his mind that Indians--there were then fewer than 250 million--must be taught English and be exposed to Western culture because it would, as he put it, give them the key "to all the vast intellectual wealth, which all the wisest nations of the Earth have created and hoarded in the course of 90 generations."

Macaulay's policy was adopted, and as a result large numbers of Indians, especially those in the ruling, intellectual and clerical classes, began to learn English. In the process they began to absorb cultural and political ideas from the West, especially the need to uphold and establish the rule of law and to set up representative institutions.

Since India gained its independence in 1947 English has continued to spread, and India--now with a population exceeding 1 billion--has maintained democratic structures and methods and free courts of law, despite what was once a situation of overwhelming poverty and many difficulties. The contrast with China is fundamental.

Moreover, because India remained attached to the English language umbilical cord, ideas, methods and technology flowed into its educated and commercial classes on a scale and in ways that China, especially since its years of Communist totalitarian rule, has been denied. This gave India the advantage of being able to bypass an updated version of the Industrial Revolution and embark straightaway upon the communications and Internet revolution.

But China--once its government relinquished total control of every aspect of the economy and made a bid to create consumer institutions and raise living standards rapidly--had no choice but to begin with old-style smokestack industrialization. With its ultracheap workforce, China has become good at building conventional mills and factories and exporting low-priced goods globally. It is accumulating huge currency reserves and is financing the expansion of its armed forces. But these advantages will not necessarily last, and China is in danger of landing itself with a prematurely outdated economy, mass unemployment and huge problems regarding pollution and industrial waste.

Insurance Policy

As the century progresses India has a good chance of moving to the head of the innovatory field. It has both the freedom and the language to be receptive to new ideas and is in a position to produce technologies of its own that may become global winners.

India is about to overtake China in terms of population and will also outdistance it economically and financially well before the end of the 21st century. Where India will stand in relation to the U.S. I don't know. But America, with its own soundly based democratic institutions and traditions of intellectual and economic freedom, will be well placed to remain in the front ranks. I predict this will be a neck-and-neck race, with China running a poor third and Russia and Europe limping in as also-rans.

In the meantime we must make a much more concerted and determined effort to repeat the Macaulay initiative, pushing to have English spoken and read in large portions of the world, especially in western Asia, Africa and Latin America.

International finance and commerce, investment and travel are to some extent furthering this aim. But government policy could do much to help. It's important that the Obama Administration and Britain's new government take this point. I would like to see all of their agents--from diplomats to administrators of aid programs to commanders in the armed forces--say to themselves: "Am I doing enough to help the spread of English and Western ideas?"

-------------------------------------------------

Wednesday, January 13, 2010

最佳社会四大要素：个体价值/基督精神/联邦宪政/英文语言
Four Essentials of the Best Free Society

陈凯一语：Kai Chen's Words:

www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

纵观世界，美国是人类历史上最自由，最进步，最繁荣，最道德，最具有活力与创造力的人的社会。 个体主义与个体价值，基督精神与终极道德感，联邦宪政与小政府大社会，英文作为法律教育科学的最佳用语是美国社会的四大要素。 世界上其它社会有的只有这四大要素的某些部分，如欧洲的大部分社会，亚洲的一些社会。 中国社会则根本没有任何的这些要素。 世界上人和社会的进步程度也都取决于它们在多大程度上与意愿上试图取得这四大要素。

If you study all the societies in the world, you will find that America is the freest, the most progressive, the most prosperous, the most ethical, the most lively and the most creative and productive country on earth. Individualism with God-given rights to life, liberty and pursuit of happiness, Christianity with awareness of existence of moral absolutes, constitutional federalism founded on the principle of limited government, and English language as the communication tool used in law, education and sciences are the four essentials for all the achievements in American society. In comparison or contrast with other parts of the world, some such as those in Europe and some in Asia only have parts of the four elements. Others like China have none. Not surprisingly, the degree of freedom, prosperity, creativity and productivity, and the speed of progress of all the societies in the world vary according to whether or not any particular country has and is willing to acquire these four essentials.

*********************************************

By Kai Chen 陈凯 （Written 1/13/2010, Reprint 9/7/2011)

* Individualism with God-given rights for each to pursue life, liberty and happiness

* Christianity with awareness of existence of moral absolutes

* Constitutional federalism founded on the principle of limited government

* English language as the communication tool used in law, education and sciences

I list these four essentials of a progressive society for all of you to ponder and examine. Those societies who measure up to these four fundamental elements are those who are doing well and progressing toward a better tomorrow. Those who do not measure up or those who reject these four essentials are those societies mired in stagnation and perpetual turmoil. They are going nowhere and they are going down the drain.

Let us examine these four essentials for a society's positive direction toward progress:

1. Individualism with God-given rights for each to pursue life, liberty and happiness

On this 50th anniversary of publication of Ayn Rand's "Atlas Shrugged", we will remind ourselves that Ayn Rand, like almost everyone in America, was an immigrant from Russia. She, much like Copernicus and Galileo in the realm of physical science, pointed out that in the realm of morality and human society it is the individual, NOT the society or any collective, that is the fountainhead of creativity and productivity. It is the individual, NOT the collective, that is the sun where the energy is produced and emitted. A society thus must be revolving around the individual, not the other way around. Hence, without this correct awareness of the objective reality, any society will never progress for it will suppress the very source of the energy and creativity.

2. Christianity with awareness of existence of moral absolutes

To interpret Ayn Rand's works mistakenly by injecting moral-relativism is a common mistake among the liberals and the American left. Absolute power, not truth, thus becomes the focal point of contention with the liberals and the left in large, much like the socialists and communists anywhere else in the world. America is never a nation with NO God like a communist country. America is never a nation OF God like a theocracy. America is a nation UNDER God, not men. Christianity thus establishes the moral foundation of America. The origin of life, the origin of consciousness, the origin of morality thus are explained via a life\freedom -affirming, happiness\joy oriented belief. Freedom will triumph over tyranny; truth will triumph over falsehood; life will triumph over death; good will triumph over evil; progress will triumph over stagnation; joy and happiness will triumph over misery and suffering.... By focusing on today's human behavior under a moral compass, a better tomorrow becomes a goal and possibility. Hope is thus instilled and inculcated into the human psyche.

3. Constitutional federalism founded on the principle of limited government

Separation of power, a government of the people, by the people and for the people, inner checks and balances and the principle of limited government all mark the American style constitutional federalism. Presidential election, not a parliamentary system with a prime minister, ensures a constant element of change and innovation in governmental reform and policy initiatives. Thus American society is endowed with a rare vitality and risk-taking innovations. Constant but limited human experiment by the government to ensure a freer society is thus implemented via a written constitution. Stagnation and rigidity hence are diminished. Small government and big society with powerful individuals are ensured.

4. English language as the communication tool used in law, education and sciences

Compared with other languages, English language lacks the rigidity and complexity which often constitute barriers in educating a society's population. It often has Latin roots, Greek roots, German roots, French roots.... It has no human restrictions put on it in its constant evolution and development, not like some other European languages such as French. English language is simple to use, free to create, and easy to understand. The best legal, literal and scientific minds of human history had mostly been written in English. And English-speaking countries lead the world in all the aspects of human endeavors. English language as a tool to conceptualize and interpret natural and human phenomena has greatly contributed to the history of human progress. Failure to recognize the contribution of the English language is to deny the simple fact and the truth all together.

The four essentials I list here are essentials for any human society to progress toward hope and a better tomorrow. I hope all of you think deeper into this issue and post your own opinions here on my forum.

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

扒粪取谷 – 华语系人们的“善走捷径”而“误入歧途”
Chinese Way -- Taking Shortcut

看中国人们“取益于他人与祖宗”的病态情结
Taking Shortcut

“自由人”对抗“中国人”序列
"Free Beings" vs. "Chinese" Series

陈凯 Kai Chen (Written 8/31/2010, Reprint 8/2/2011)
www.kaichenblog.blogspotm.com

说华语系人们善于“取益于他人与祖宗”、善于偷窃、抄袭、剽窃、抢掠、骗取、缺失创造力与想象力、迷恋于作奴与作主已不是什么新闻。 但华语系的人们“善走捷径”而“误入歧途”的“扒粪取谷”心态情结仍常常使我惊叹沮丧不已。

我所观察过的中文系的人们常常由于他们的非理性、不一致与无道德常令人啼笑皆非： 有人反中共而不反中国的专制文化；有人反孔儒文化而不反中共党奴朝；有人反毛而不反共；有人反共而不反毛；有人向往自由而崇尚专制秩序；有人希望幸福但要仰望救星；有人渴望过有尊严的生活但拒绝付出代价从自身做起；有人愿意追求真实正义却不想承担个体责任；有人认知中国专制文化与中共暴政的关系但拒绝触动中文“文字语言的圣牛”、、。 他们都想用抱住身边的一个熟悉的伪概念、伪实体去走一个道德的捷径--不用认知真实就可以幸福自由。 然而他们都忽视了这一个真实：

那些想走捷径的人将永远误入歧途。那些相信有似“人间天堂”的乌托邦的人要么是想作奴隶、要么是想将奴役的锁链套在他人身上。 那些专制的“救星们”永远依靠奴隶们的“仰望北斗星”的“被救求救”心态奴役人类。

诚然，中文语言文字的“不可再造性”与“文字定义的强权官方性”与华语系人们的病态情结息息相关： 人们对手术刀、显微镜、望远镜般的英文语言拒绝从实质与道德上的认知。 人们迷恋在用祖宗留下来的“粪耙子”般的中文语言文字在历朝历代专制祖宗留下来的“专制粪堆”中扒粪取谷。 这一病态现象不光是由于缺失对上苍（God）的真实信仰、不光是由于缺失个体价值、不光是由于对强权地位的迷恋崇拜，也是由于数千年专制文化与单音节象形文字所造成的根深蒂固的病态文化习惯—“走捷径”（Taking shortcut）。

画画儿附义伪造文字去描述表象而拒绝探求实质内涵是想“走捷径”；“扒粪取谷”去复古返祖不求创造是想“走捷径”；“劫富济贫”去偷抢他人所得以致富是想“走捷径”；“拜偶像崇人间救星”而回避自救自省是想“走捷径”；“只记不思”的抄袭、剽窃、模仿是想“走捷径”；“随大流、攀大头、取悦于人”爬社会阶梯式想“走捷径”；不用上苍所赐的良知理性去独立思考鉴别而去求“枪杆子里出强权”也是想“走捷径”。 可是，上苍（God）从没有祝福过那些想“走捷径”的蠢人们。 他们所得到的就是今天中文系的人们所得到的：一场无尽的噩梦；一个永远被鞭笞的陀螺；每一个人的默默的绝望与虚无。

在基督文化与信仰中产生了科学与进步并非偶然： 个体与上苍（God）的直接沟通导致了人们不相信“走捷径”是获取真知的途径。 “只有对真实的追求才能使你自由”（Only Truth shall set you free!)_基督的铭言照亮了世界上在黑暗中煎熬磨难的人们争取自由与真实幸福的路。 人们从此摈弃了用强权与自上而下的专制产生的“走捷径”病态情结，走上了不畏强权，不惑实利的追求真实的艰难而漫长的“道德方向”之路。 强权的鞭子抽打着的“朝代循环”的无望被动的“陀螺心态”被基督精神的道德指南彻底击毁。 人类社会从基督的道德指南走上了2010年的良知的路。 人们从基督的教义中认识到： 在追求自由与幸福欢乐的路上是没有“捷径”好走的。 Freedom indeed is not free. 自由从来就不意味着“免费的午餐”。 在个体与神（上苍、God）的沟通中，在人们对自由、尊严、正义与真实幸福的不懈追求中，“人”无畏地用艰辛的努力走向了未知的大海，用上苍（God）赋予每一个个体的良知与理性创造着科学的不断进步与物质财富的丰硕。

然而，“图方便”、“不求真”、“迷捷径”、“走仕途”的中文系的人们直到今天并不认同基督精神与“人不走捷径而求真”的道德心态。 沿袭中文与祖宗的病态专制、用祖宗留下的“粪耙子（中文）”在粪堆中“扒粪取谷”成了中文系的人们摄取伪价值的迷恋。 难怪饥荒、疾病与愚昧成了“扒粪取谷”的人们难以摆脱的恶现象。 学习与运用英文语言以摆脱“奴”而走入“人”的行列不光需要政治意愿、道德勇气与理性智慧，也必然需要人们彻底摆脱由于“善走捷径”的文化心态习性而“误入歧途”的朝代循环的无奈与无望。

进入英文语言系统绝不是另一个“走捷径”。 进入英文语言系统意味着脱离华人传统的专制语言与文化习惯，意味着从虚无走入存在、从思维混乱走入理性清晰、从邪恶的吃人循环走入创造价值的道德方向。 中文语言决不能成为伪信仰的“圣牛”而被作为工具而沿袭。 中文语言应被置放在人类语言博物馆中被作为警讯： 告知人们由中文语言所代表的专制是一条行不通的死路。 对中文语言与文化的研究也绝不是为了继承与发扬专制，而是告诫所有的人们中文语言文化是导致人类悲剧惨案的源头。

运用中文去偷、去抄、去抢、去骗、去模仿绝不是什么真实的创造价值的工作。 它与运用英文去理解、去探索、去创造有着本质的不同：后者是正向的道德的思维行为。 前者是负向的非道德思维行为。 中共党奴朝的反上苍（反良知）与美国的尊崇上苍是反向的区别。

中文的“简洁”与“非定义性”绝不是什么“优秀与伟大”，而是与中文系人们的“善走捷径”而“误入歧途”的悲剧历史息息相关、一脉相承的。 脱离中文语言文化的奴役，走入英文语言文化与基督精神是中文系人们必然要走的、理性的、道德的艰辛、漫长与曲折的通向自由、欢乐、希望与真实幸福的路。 选择在于你。 路要你自己走。

建议： 每一天学习理解一个英文语言概念。 每一天脱离一个中文等级表达习惯。 每一天尝试去做一件你从没有做过的事。 每一天去思考一个你从未想过的题目概念。 每一天从与你不同的人身上观察理解到一个正向的价值。

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

中国人为什么喜欢玩文字游戏？
Why are the Chinese so fund of semantic games?

——《中国人的另类四大发明》解读

《中国人的另类四大发明》这篇文章今年4月发于新西兰中文《先驱报》，作者是胡荣荣。其在博客日报上的博名是“胡家虎威”。这是一篇非常生动的力作，它将中国的问题基本上找出来了，所以，值得进一步的解读。

作者认为，除了科技上的四大发明，中国人在人文文化上也有四大发明，而这四大分明，却奠定了中国历史的基础。这四大发明分别是：太监政治、小脚文化、造假艺术、文字游戏。其中，真正伟大的发明，是第四个发明——文字游戏。

作者在文章结尾写道：“文字游戏——这是中国人最聪明和最伟大的发明，这个发明虽然只不过是一个游戏，但这个游戏足足可以粉碎世界上的全部的真理和谎言，美好和丑陋，世界上的任何事物，在这个游戏面前，都微不足道。真的。微不足道。因为，这才是人类历史上最伟大的发明。”这真是画龙点睛之笔！

然而，关于中国为什么会有“文字游戏”的问题，作者只有现象描述，而无理论阐释。的确，这个问题要解释清楚非常困难。因为我们不能只看现实，还应该走进中国历史最为幽暗的角落。如果要我解释这个问题，我的说法一开始就会遭遇强烈的反对意见。尽管如此，我还是不得不说明自己的观点。

所谓“文字游戏”，首先是中国的文字问题。五四时期，大凡具有民主思想的学术大家，都有“废除汉字”的主张。就连毛也有过类似的观点。已故语言学家王力说过：字母文字是法治的语言，象形文字是人治的语言。这意味着，中国的汉字决定了中国必然是一个人治国家。有人会这样反驳：台湾也是使用汉字的啊，为什么他们可以搞民主？这个说法的问题是：它没有看到，文字的背后还有社会背景以及意识形态。只有特定的历史条件，才能让汉字化腐朽为神奇。

由于台湾是一个开放社会，所以，即使他们是使用汉字的，然而，这种使用不再是书面语言的，而是社会的、生活的。也就是说，社会、生活对于书面语言具有支配性的力量，书面语言随着社会、生活而不断改变，而不是相反地，社会、生活被书面语言所支配。也因此，台湾不再是一个单纯的汉语的社会，而是一个多种语言（声音）的社会。但在大陆，我们的社会、生活却确实是被书面语言所支配的。所以，我们的社会、生活是失真的，只能有一种声音，而且，它必然是虚假的，虚假得就连写这种书面语言的人也并不相信。

在这种虚假的背后，是汉语言文字的呆滞，它能够抹杀历史。汉字源自巫术。巫术往往掩盖真相。同时，巫术具有震慑作用。而表音文字是一种无法被单一的个人或者势力所能控制的语言文字。所以，至少于3600年以前，在地中海一带出现了最初的字母，并淘汰了以往的表意文字。字母之所以能够在古埃及诞生，是商业的力量，也是自由的力量。

首先，当时的地中海一带是各种文明交汇的地方，而字母产生的时代背景，是古埃及的奴隶社会；另外一个背景是贸易的日趋活跃。公元前1600年，那些不识字的底层劳工开始用符号代替象形文字，这是字母文字的雏形。同时，这也是一次渴望自由、认识自我的精神运动，例如，公元前1275年，摩西带领在埃及为奴的犹太人走出埃及，并向犹太人颁布神的律法。其次，商业活动推进了字母文字的成熟。公元前11世纪，腓尼基人建立了字母表，很快希伯来字母也随之出现。交代这段历史，是想让大家看到：正如王力所言，字母文字是契约性的文字（商业贸易、民族认同，都需要“合约”），它必然导致法治。

然而，中国人呢？我们的文字几千年不变，而且，充满了杀戮、不合作的色彩。例如“我”字，就是一个人拿着武器的样子。因此，中国人的自我意识尚未真正诞生。西方文明传入中国之后，面对“他者”的异质文明，中国人才开始出现带有一定个人主义色彩的自我意识。然而，由于缺少民主的社会机制，所以至今，中国人说“我”的时候，仍然有一种凶巴巴的味道：“我ⅹⅹⅹⅹ”。极端的自我中心主义，导致了一个一盘散沙的社会，这也为中央集权埋下了语言文字上的根据。

契约是个好东西，它是法治的基础。但是，任何契约都是不可能尽善尽美的。然而，正是这种不完备，成就了字母文字的开放性。开放性是民主的基础。民主，简单的说，就是每个人能够说出自己的话，提出自己的主张，表达自己的要求。世界成了无穷无尽的描述。世界通过人类鲜活的语言而不断获得新的意义。中国人呢？由于是象形文字，所以，中国人的语言是封闭性的，世界只能是巫术的世界。也因此，古代中国是一个诗歌的国度，诗歌成了中国人难得的精神表达方式。然而，现代社会是一个“祛魅”的世界。

人类文明的进化，在语言文字上的表现，就是日益符号化。古希腊的第一个哲学家泰勒斯认为世界的本源是“水”，在这里，“水”其实就是一种符号，而不是具体的江河湖海中的水。阿那克西米尼认为世界本源是“无限”，毕达哥拉斯认为是“数”，越来越抽象、形式化了。其实，他们的哲学思想可以概括为“世界是X”。这是什么意思呢？它表明了世界就是无穷无尽的描述，没有人能够以“真理的化身”自居。这就是民主的哲学根基！只有巫师，才会认为自己是通天的，好像自己真的把握了真理。

其实，尽管“真相”只有一个，但“真理”却是信仰的范畴。人们追求真理是必须的，然而，就像对“神”的态度一样，我们只能无限趋近“真理”，而不可能真的抵达。而这个不断接近“真理”的过程，就是符号化，它需要全人类通过历史来回答，而不能靠某个人的即时宣告。任何人都是有限的存在，而真理却是无限而永恒的。所以，“这个世界没有绝对真理”的意思，其实就是“没有人能够掌握绝对真理”，包括爱因斯坦在内。但接近真理，却是人类的共同使命。

20、21世纪之交，是人类历史上最为了不起的时刻。人的符号化、数字化成为现实，这意味着更多的人能够参与到追求真理的行列之中了。世界成了“0”和“1”的无限交换与组合。“0”和“1”是计算机、互联网的最根本的组织、运作原理。那么，在社会学上的“0”和“1”又是什么呢？我认为，它们分别代表了“让人说话”与“不准杀人”。“不准杀人”是社会正义的底线，而“让人说话”是生活意义的源泉。它们一起构成了一个有道德、有活力的社会。

实际上，如果没有互联网技术，中国人根本就不可能认识这个世界的本来面目，我们仍然只能生活在一个虚假而且残酷的世界之中。所幸的是，互联网为中国人打开了一个缺口！而且，这个缺口终将越来越大，最后必然导致“千里之堤毁于蚁穴”的局面。那么，互联网为什么这么强大？因为在互联网上，汉字不再是文字，而成了声音和符号。通过互联网，象形文字不得不转换成为符号文字、表音文字！所以，一些人认为电脑降低了中国人的写作水平或者文字表达能力，纯属杞人忧天。

《中国人的另类四大发明》这篇文章认为“文字游戏”是中国最伟大也最害人的发明，实际上，尽管这个观点非常值得欣赏，但它也是经不起逻辑上的或者概念上的分析的。因为中国式的“文字游戏”，其实并不是真正的让人放心的游戏，而是“文字狱”。中国的文字狱已有几千年的历史了。真正的文字游戏是人的符号化。但符号化必须限制在游戏本身之内。这就需要法治（游戏规则），需要民主（博弈各方自己下棋），需要裁判（政府、民间组织等社会治理的力量）维持秩序，不能像中国老头那样，下棋下不过别人，就动手甚至杀人。

所以，中国式的“文字游戏”，比较准确的说法还有：它是“纯属摆弄文字的游戏”。这就像一个摆棋摊的江湖骗子，他摆弄棋子，布下迷局、设套，让人上当。这是最不道德的游戏。然而，中国人玩的就是这样的游戏！很多人围观，很多人上当。它不是真正的博弈，而是博傻。为什么那么多人去跟这种无聊并且残酷的游戏？这与中国人的精神状态有关。除了这些，就再也没有其它的精神寄托了。除了钻营取巧，中国人就拿不出真正的智慧。严格地说，“爱智慧”是古希腊、希伯来的传统，因为智慧在“神”那里。古希腊哲学是“诚实的无神论”，它诞生了形式化的理性；希伯来则信仰上帝。他们一起承认人的无知与罪性。而这正是社会正义与个人道德的开始！

中国式的“文字游戏”如同巫术一样，是愚弄人民，并且导致人民彼此之间无法相互信任的鬼把戏。所以，玩起来不是一般的残酷，而是整个社会的荒诞不经和道德沦丧。为什么鲁迅叫大家不要读中国的古书？因为那里除了极个别的典籍之外，几乎全部都是文字游戏和文字垃圾。同样，所谓政令都是扼杀自由的东西。《枪炮、病菌与钢铁——人类各社会的命运》一书的作者戴蒙教授说，中国全国一统，任何一个命令，无论何等荒谬，都得举国奉行。戴蒙教授认为，即使现代中国还摆脱不了这种遗毒，譬如文革期间领导一声令下，全国学校即关闭了五年。这种社会悲剧之所以几千年持续不断地上演，其原因深埋于历史之中。惟有推倒这种“文字教”【台湾学者龚鹏程将其称为中国的“五教”（儒、道、释、文、侠）之一】，中国的悲剧才能破局。

知道了以上这些道理之后，《中国人的另类四大发明》一文中的其它三大“发明”就迎刃而解了。所谓“太监政治”，首先是毁灭人性。中国社会之所以没有公平的游戏，是因为中国人尚未争到做“人”的价钱（鲁迅）。只有每个人的人格独立、平等了，社会才能正常起来。法治才会成为可能。没有这些作为保证，“人性”的泯灭也就是自然而然的了。所谓“小脚文化”，其实就是摧毁价值。我不久前说过，中国人总是将一切好东西都要糟蹋掉的。所谓“造假艺术”，就是人与人之间由于彼此无法信任所导致的投毒、互害的战争状态。

综上，不难发现，中国式的“文字游戏”的确害莫大焉！！！公元前1400年，甲骨文诞生。至今，中国人仍然没有摆脱原始的巫术崇拜！所以，下面的结论就是再也自然不过的了：中国社会应该彻底开放，全体中国人都应该补课，学习别人的先进文明！否则，再过五千年，中国人仍然还是大玩文字游戏的愚蠢“类人孩”！That is terrible！昂山素季说：政治其实就是“一个学习的过程”。那么，学习是什么？其实就是学会说话。她说：“尽管说出你心中的话，如有所言，当言无不尽。当我们持不同意见的时候我会提出反驳。而这也是民主主义中最基本的言论自由。”王亚南在《中国官僚政治研究》一书中引用了一位西方学者的这句话：“在专制体制下，只有两种人，一是哑巴，一是骗子。”很显然，这两种人我们都不能做。

今天，如果再说“废除汉字”的话，的确有些不合时宜了，而且也是不可能的事情。历史已经通过我们的近邻作出了回答，日本人改造了汉字，台湾、香港同样成了一个多文字、多声音的社会；不仅历史，全世界也对这个问题作出了回答：民主是普世价值，民主需要不同的声音！而将文字从纸面上的本本，变成现实中的声音，则需要行动。昂山素季说，“行动是命运的基石。”亲爱的汉语同胞们，我们需要发出自己的声音，我们需要行动，我们需要自由和民主！自由和民主，也只有自由和民主，才能一扫中国传统文化的阴霾，化腐朽为神奇。

------------------------------------------------------------

附录】中国人的另类四大发明

（新西兰中文《先驱报》，作者：胡荣荣)

四大发明，举世闻名，也是中国人的骄傲。但老实说，四大发明对中国历史的推进，却是有限的。比如指南针和火药，就没有起到应有的作用。不过，除了科技上的四大发明，中国人在人文文化上也有四大发明，而这四大分明，却奠定了中国历史的基础。

这四大发明就是：太监政治、小脚文化、造假艺术、文字游戏。

太监政治

对于太监，恐怕任何人都是带着蔑视的目光去看的。谁也不会瞧得起太监其人其事。然而，在中国历史上，太监却一直是历史上很重要的一支政治力量。

我以前一直很奇怪，既然大家都知道，秦朝的灭亡是和一个太监赵高有关的，为什么后来的皇帝不汲取这个教训，反而对太监十分得信任？基本上每一个朝代，到了后来，太监就成为了皇上最信任的人了。明明大家知道相信太监是要亡国的，为什么皇上还要相信太监呢？

现在想明白了。

因为，除了相信太监，其实皇帝已经没有可以信赖的人了。

太监是皇权制度的牺牲品。为了保证皇帝的权威性，历史上的制度都是从保证皇帝的性权威开始的。因为，性的权威，是一个男人最基本的权威。为了皇帝的性权威，制度于是阉割了服侍皇上的男人，这些男人于是就成为太监。

但是对于皇帝来说，性生活的潜在敌人可以用阉割的方式来保证自己的权威，对权力的竞争者却根本就没有任何手段去解决。朝庭里的那些大权在握的官僚，就是自己的权力的竞争者。中国的每一个朝代都是这样的：建朝初期，皇上大权在握；皇帝的权威不容置疑。到了中期，皇权和官僚的权势基本相当。到了后期，皇帝身边可以信赖的大臣就不多了。于是，皇上身边的那些权力欲望比较小的人——太监就成为了皇上唯一可以信赖的人。只不过，皇帝不可能知道，太监对于权力的欲望果然要小于一般的人，但因为生理畸形，所以当太监们权力在握后，推行的政治其实也是畸形的。

太监政治——就是用最不人性的制度来保证人性的推广。

小脚文化

在中国历史的长河中，太监政治能够一直伴随着皇权制度而存在几千年，并不是偶然的。因为，我们有这样的文化基础。而这个作为基础的文化特征，就是小脚文化。

有一个作家写过一部叫《三寸金莲》的小说。就是用美好的文笔去描写世界上最丑陋的内容的。

小脚文化，其实是一种对自然的美好文化的最不人道的摧残。但包小脚的痛苦，在对小脚的畸形欣赏中，变得不再重要。在这样的文化氛围中，美的、善的、好的，就不再是人们追求的目标，相反，丑恶就成为最高的理想。当这个丑恶用相当理性的技术去表现的时候，人们就不再明白丑恶和真善美的区别。

小脚文化——就是用最美的形式来表现最丑陋的内容。

造假艺术

一张周老虎的华南虎的照片，让全世界看到了中国人的造假艺术的登峰造极。不过，造假艺术并不是周老虎的发明，而且，周老虎也不是最高的成功者。因此，外国人就不会明白，为什么中国的假币会这么多？

要明白周老虎和假币其实都不是孤立的，就必须看到，造假艺术在中国的源远流长。

北京的秀水和上海的襄阳路都曾经是中国造假艺术的商业圣地。现在，上海的襄阳路市场虽然不存在了，但造假的商业艺术并没有在上海滩消失，而是散落在上海的大街小巷。要让中国人不造假，就好比要让中国不放屁一样。强人所难。

《红楼梦》《三国演义》《水浒》《西游记》是中国文化史上的四大名著。如果你还看得仔细的话，就会记住，四大名著里都有对造假艺术的细节描写。《西游记》里有真假悟空、真假唐僧、甚至还有真假如来和真假西天。《水浒》里有真假李逵和真假宋江。《三国演义》里有真假曹操和真假诸葛亮。最后是《红楼梦》。《红楼梦》里有不但有真假宝玉这个人，甚至还有真假宝玉这块通灵宝玉。在这四大名著中，书中的重要人物，都出现了相应的真假对应的人物。之所以会出现这么奇怪的现象，当然和造假艺术深深烙印在我们的文化里有关。

全世界有哪一个国家，在最重要的几部文学名著里，都会出现真假对应的人物？

只有我们中国。

至于假传圣旨、假语村言，当然都不在话下了。中国人就是在打仗的时候，也不会忘记真假日本鬼子和真假土八路的。因此，在体育比赛中，假哨和假年龄之类的事，只不过是小菜一碟。甚至可以说，假药假食品，都不过是家常便饭的另类口味。

所以，《红楼梦》里的那一副对联，就道出了中国文化的真谛。

“假做真时真亦假，无还有处有还无。”

造假艺术——假是对的真的否定，真是对假的否定，真和假就成为保持中国文化平衡的天平。

真和假，在中国文化里，它们之不可分割，就好象是男人和女人之不可分割一样。它们既是对立的，也是统一的。

文字游戏

不过，相比于文字游戏，以上三项发明还不够伟大。真正伟大的发明，是第四个发明——文字游戏。

有人会说了，文字游戏，不过是个游戏而已，有什么了不起？

错！

文字游戏被发明的时候，果然仅仅是一个游戏，但当这个游戏被用到政治上的时候，所发挥的威力，已经超过了以上三项发明的总和。

文字游戏也许是用来的写对联的。但把文字游戏的功能用到政治工作上的时候，你就会看到无与伦比的威力。

比如，历史上著名的曾国藩，曾经写过这么四个字：“屡战屡败”，但他的幕僚把这四个字的次序改了一改，变成了“屡败屡战”，意思就完全不一样了。这就是文字游戏的威力。

我们骂外国人，你们的工人都失业了。外国人说，你们的工人也失业了。我们于是就把失业改成了下岗，然后，我们照样可以骂外国人。因为，我们没有了失业，只有了下岗。从失业到下岗，只不过玩一个文字游戏而已。但我们完全就赢了这场论战了。

所以，对于死在灾难中的人们，如果用“成了牺牲品”这样发文字，就容易引发人们的不满，但如果说死者是“死得伟大”，成了菩萨，那么我们就可以高高兴兴了。这从悲伤到高兴的过程，就是因为有了文字游戏的伟大魔力。

文字游戏——这是中国人最聪明和最伟大的发明，这个发明虽然只不过是一个游戏，但这个游戏足足可以粉碎世界上的全部的真理和谎言，美好和丑陋，世界上的任何事物，在这个游戏面前，都微不足道。真的。微不足道。因为，这才是人类历史上最伟大的发明。

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

陈凯一语：Kai Chen's Words:

专制政体与文化依赖专制文字而生存奴役。英文字词的进入威胁了专制制度与文化的延续。 中共党奴朝直觉地感到了此威胁。 汉语与英语不能共存。 专制与自由不能共存。 我希望每一个华语系的人懂得其深层的哲学与道德的原由。

Despotism and slavery depend on the language of tyranny to exist. English words and phrases entering Chinese people's language/vocabulary threatens the very existence of despotism and tyranny in China. The despotic Chinese language can never coexist with English language that is based on individual freedom. It is the same that tyranny and freedom can never coexist. I hope all Chinese speaking people understand the deep philosophical and moral conflict between these two languages and these two cultures.

-------------------------------------------------------------

China bars English words in all publications
中共拥纯/蠢奴文字而摈禁英文字词-发动“奴文化圣战”

Dec 22 12:02 PM US/Eastern

http://www.breitbart.com/article.php?id=...&show_article=1

Chinese newspapers, books and websites will no longer be allowed to use English words and phrases, the country's publishing body has announced, saying the "purity" of the Chinese language is in peril.

The General Administration of Press and Publication, which announced the new rule on Monday, said the increasing use of English words and abbreviations in Chinese texts had caused confusion and was a means of "abusing the language".

Such practices "severely damaged the standard and purity of the Chinese language and disrupted the harmonious and healthy language and cultural environment, causing negative social impacts," the body said on its website.

"It is banned to mix at will foreign language phrases such as English words or abbreviations with Chinese publications, creating words of vague meaning that are not exactly Chinese or of any foreign language," it said.

"Publishing houses and the media must further strengthen the regulated use of foreign languages and respect the structure, glossary and grammar of the Chinese and foreign languages."

GAPP said companies which violated the regulation would face "administrative punishment" without offering specifics.

English abbreviations such as NBA (National Basketball Association), GDP (gross domestic product), CPI (consumer price index) and WTO (World Trade Organization) are commonly used in Chinese publications.

They are also often used in everyday conversation, and government officials routinely use the abbreviations at press conferences.

The body left a small loophole, stipulating in the regulation that "if necessary", English terms could be used but must be followed by a direct translation of the abbreviation or an explanation in Chinese.

The names of people or places in English also must be translated.

One editor at a Beijing publishing house told the China Daily that the new GAPP regulation could actually result in reduced understanding.

"The intention of protecting the Chinese language is good. But in an age of globalisation, when some English acronyms like WTO have been widely accepted by readers, it might be too absolute to eliminate them," the editor said.

"Conversationally, people also use these words all the time, so the regulation could create discord between the oral and written uses of language."

China has launched several campaigns in recent years to try to root out poor grammar and misused vocabulary in official usage.

Sometimes those campaigns go awry, resulting in awkward Chinglish. In the run-up to last month's Asian Games in Guangzhou, signs were posted in the metro that read "Towards Jichang". "Jichang" means airport.

Earlier this year, China Central Television and Beijing Television told the China Daily that they had received notification from the government to avoid using certain English abbreviations on Chinese programmes.

But English abbreviations are still commonly heard on regular news and sports broadcasts.

The Global Times quoted an editor at a Beijing publishing house as saying finding translations for globally used acronyms would be time-consuming and confusing.

"I wonder how many people understand 'guoji shangye jiqi gongsi', when IBM is instantly recognisable," the editor said.

Book Link 图书链锁： ”The Writing on the Wall" - How Asian Orthography Curbs Creativity

【显而易见 - 为什么亚洲基于汉语的象形文字损害阻碍人的创造力】

http://www.amazon.com/Writing-Wall-Ortho...ef=cm_cr-mr-img

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

陈凯一语：Kai Chen's Words:

汉纳斯的关于汉语阻碍人的创造力、想象力的精彩论述"The Writing on the Wall" 【显而易见 - 为什么亚洲基于汉语的象形文字损害阻碍人的创造力】是每一个愿意并勇于了解自身文化语言的中文系的人们必读的良书。 望每一个汉语的受害者与害人者深思并寻找答案与替代语言。

William Hannas' courageous and deep analytical book on Chinese character-based Asian orthography needs to be read by everyone Chinese character-based Asian language user. Thus people can understand why the Asians lack creativity and imagination. Courage with strong will to face the truth is needed and only through a thorough understanding we can start to find solutions and replacement.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Creativity Only For The State
汉语--被“国”“政府”控制的语言/创造

June 10, 2003

This review is from: The Writing on the Wall: How Asian Orthography Curbs Creativity (Encounters with Asia) (Hardcover)

by Lee

http://www.amazon.com/gp/cdp/member-revi...ostRecentReview

"The Writing On The Wall" by William Hannas opens eyes and minds to new arguments about nature or nurture. The timeworn topic is well worth exploring, and it is especially interesting when a Westerner looks across several Asian regions to address it. Fortunately, the author speaks Vietnamese, three dialects spoken in China, Japanese, and Korean. His perspective is unique among Westerners and his views are worthy of careful note.

The book reminds us that China was an empire with a central authority, and all were subordinated to the emperor. So it was for thousands of years; and so it is today with the Communist Party as emperor. Where is there a need to be creative unless it is to devise methods to bring greater glory and power to the State?

This seems similar to the Middle Ages in Europe. Kings and barons ruled fiefs, and their subordinates curried favor. Again, what else was there to do? But, when the kings and other powerbrokers began to speak and write the languages of the little people rather than Latin and French, things began to change. In East Asia today the powerbrokers write in a language [character based] that the little people do not easily comprehend. Memorizing 3,000 characters certainly supports exercising form over substance. And, as in Mandarin times, having completed the form, one could enter the elite. Today, one must perform what work to enter the elite? Answer: memorize 3,000 characters, perform exceptional Party (emperor) work, or be closely related to one who has.

The main job today in China is to accrue power and hegemony. There's little scope for creativity here, given the thousands of years China has practiced at it. So how creative does today's Chinese elite need to be? Only enough to keep the West away from the door, for example by fanning the fires in the Middle East and being able to hold the U.S. 7th Fleet at bay. These seem like simple tasks that can be accomplished with a bit of technology transfer to upgrade antiship weapons and build nuclear strategic deterrence. The technology transfer is well documented in the book and woe to the West for letting it happen so easily.

So is it nature or nurture? Hannas clearly notes that there are many Chinese who have emigrated to the West who have demonstrated creativity. The role of spoken and written Asian languages in creativity is worthy of consideration, and it is well covered in this book.

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

语言变革文化思维 - 土耳其摈弃传统语言的例子
Turkey's Example in Abolishing Their Own Language

“自由人”对抗“中国人”序列
"Free Beings" vs. "Chinese" Series

价值一语： Words of Value:

The preservation of the means of knowledge among the lowest ranks is of more importance to the public than all the property of the rich men in the country. --- John Quincy Adams

使社会最底层的人们拥有取得知识的途径比全部在社会中富人的财富重要得多。 --- John Quincy Adams

****************************************

Kai Chen 陈凯 (Written 6/30/2006, Reprint 3/30/2011)

Recognizing the defects of their own ancestors' legacy is one attribute/aspect the Chinese still have to grasp and to acquire in their struggle to catch up with the modern world. But without this courageous recognition, China will continue to lag behind the world in its population's pursuit/comprehension of truth and reality. In this regard, Turkey has provided the world and especially China with one stunning/shining example that a people did indeed have the will, ability and courage to recognize the ills and defects of their own culture/language, and change it in order to progress toward a better future.

I visited Turkey in 1977 representing China to play a basketball tournament there. The country's ability to transform itself from a backward-thinking, Ottoman Turkish-language (character-based) dominated despotic society into a progressive, modern democratic society left an ever-lasting impression in my mind.

Situated between Europe and Asia, Turkey is the only democratic nation among the Muslim world that is pro-West. It has allied with America and joined NATO. For centuries, Turkey's written language was Ottoman Turkish, a complicated language written/based in Arabic characters, (much like the Chinese character-based syllabic language). It included words and grammar from the Arabic and Persian languages. Ottoman Turkish was so difficult that only scholars and the ruling class learned to read it, (much like what happened in the Chinese society). In 1928, the government established a new alphabet from scratch which is much like that of the West. It also ordered a language education program throughout the country and outlawed the use of Ottoman Turkish - a drastic/extreme measure indeed.

So now we have an established example that a traditional society can indeed recognize its own cultural and linguistic defects, thus actively has done something to change it. Surely being closer to Europe was one factor for such transformation to have occurred. But nonetheless, Turkey proves that such positive transformation can indeed occur due to the free will of a people yearning for freedom and a better tomorrow. Only with the right tools in their hands/mind, such a transformation can be possible.

Take a look at Asia, Singapore and Hong Kong have already been bi-lingual with English as the official language for legislative functions, legal matters, educational purposes and business transactions. In India - a democratic society, official language is English since the colonial days. Taiwan, with much of its elite educated in America and its Chinese-language material mostly nowadays based on English translation, is another Asian country with success story in transforming its own society. South Korea and Japan's transformation has been much due to American occupation/protection and presence since WWII. These Asian success stories should provide ample evidences that language sup-plantation/adoption (specifically from local language to English language) is crucial to a society's progress from traditional, regressive and despotic one toward modern, free and democratic one.

However, the Chinese language, due to its double defects - character-based pictorial written form and single syllable sounding, is more difficult to reform.

Vietnam provides us with its example of such reform failure: Though after the French colonial period, having alphabetized the written form in its own syllabic language, Vietnam remains despotic in nature. The language-reform failure is due much to the fact that its single syllable sounding remains intact. Alphabetizing the Chinese characters will have the same ill effect and render the language reform in vain, for one still has to fit many meanings into a single syllable. Stuffing/inundating meanings into a single syllable will still/always render the language impotent in defining meaning therefore negatively affect its clarity. Muddy and opaque expressions will still be featuring such a "reformed" language.

With 98% of Turkey's population as Muslim, the country has transformed itself away from the majority of Muslim countries, closer in essence to modern, Western societies. This amazing achievement is much due to the people's strong will to change themselves, away from their own ancestors, for the better, via a transformation of the tools they use to comprehend reality. Political will, reason/rationality, plus a belief of human freedom can indeed transform a traditional society into a modern, progressive, democratic society. One thing at a time: Language sup-plantation/adoption first.

My notion of first and foremost sup-planting/adopting English language as the official language (to replace the Chinese language), as the legal, educational and business tool (in order to foster clear thinking/grasp of reality and truth for the Chinese people), STANDS.

汉语的精髓是褒贬赞骂
Chinese Language is a Very Emotional Language

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

林思(2009-10-31 11:47:50)

http://gahxk6666.blog.163.com/blog/stati...00993184110675/

　本来早想回复芦笛先生的商榷，可是“心有余而力不足”。一来我写文章速度较慢，尚未练成芦先生“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”的神功，二来最近公司的工作很忙，有几天从早上6点工作到晚上11点，真可谓筋疲力尽。

　没想到最近芦笛先生因为我而得罪了不平先生，很让我感到不安和歉意。在这里我想送给芦先生庄子的三句话：“井蛙不可以语于海者，拘于虚也；夏虫不可以语于冰者，笃于时也；曲士不可以语于道者，束于教也。”通博古典的芦笛先生自然是深通其义，不过为了便于大家理解，不妨多事将庄子这三句话翻译成现代文：“井里的青蛙不能他和谈论大海，因为他被居住的地方所局限；夏天的虫子不能和他谈论寒冰，因为他被生活的时间所约制；见识寡陋的人不能和他谈论深奥的道理，因为他被礼仪教义所束缚。”

　芦笛先生最近写的两帖《遗传，还是传统？》和《也谈中文作为一种艺术语言》，我在这里暂先主要回复后帖，前帖将在另文回复。另外读了芦先生大作论丑陋的大陆人之十三的《文人无行》，很是感慨。有位先辈曾谆谆教导我：“在中国说真话吃亏，说假话占便宜”，林副主席也教导我们说：“不说假话，办不了大事”。看来此话还真是一句顶一万句，在中国谁因为说假话而吃过亏？

　毛泽东写过一首《蝶恋花》的三流诗词：“我失骄杨君失柳，杨柳轻扬直上重霄九。问讯吴刚何所有，吴刚捧出桂花酒，，，”。本来共产党人是无神论者，在诗词中描写“吴刚”“嫦娥”这样的鬼神是不合适的。可是郭沫若等无行文人，却要肉麻地吹捧毛泽东：“主席把自己的思想感情借他们的假想的存在来形象化了。主席的思想感情是绝对真实的，忠魂和神仙则是假想的，所以主席的词是革命的现实主义与革命的浪漫主义的结合”。

　如果郭沫若是个不通诗词的老粗，写出这样的赞语也还算有一点真情。而郭沫若本人写的词，要好过毛泽东百倍，所以郭沫若赞词全是违心的假话。不过郭沫若的假话却是“一字千金”，郭沫若等无行文人靠贩卖这些假话，房子、车子、票子什么都有了。其实凭芦笛先生的文才，到中国去贩卖谎文媚字的话，早就是坐着“奔驰 ”在长安街上飞奔的“芦老”了，哪会是现在这样靠两条肉腿奔驰的“老芦” 呢？

　在中国最值钱的东西就是假话，假话是“一字千金”，而真话则是“一字万唾”。贩卖假话的聪明人，房子、车子、票子应有尽有；乱说真话的傻子，则被千夫指、万众骂。“说真话吃亏，说假话占便宜”，真是中国一句颠之不破的真理呀。可惜总有些悟性低的人，傻乎乎地在网上乱说真话，什么好处没有捞到不说，反倒换回成吨的啐骂。我提醒那些准备在网上兜售真话的人，最好事先预备一把雨伞，以便对付骂口飞沫的狂风暴雨。芦先生称中国是“谎言之邦”，真是一点没错。

　 上面是闲聊杂谈，下面是正文。

　芦笛先生《也谈中文作为一种艺术语言》一文中的很多观点我都赞同，特别是“中文的美，美在它的模糊上头”一节，犹为精辟。但在这里还是主要谈谈我和芦先生观点的不同之处。

　我认为汉语和英文的最大区别之一，莫过于汉语的褒义词和贬义词很多，而中性词却很少。相反英文基本上都是中性词，褒义词和贬义词则很少。汉语文化的精髓其实就是“褒”“贬”二字。自从我们的老祖宗发明了褒君子、贬小人的“春秋笔法”，中华文化就一直贯穿着“褒”和“贬”的主线，把人物分成“忠”和“奸” 两派。“褒忠者、贬奸者”一直成为中国历代文人最大的责任和义务，如果有人敢违反中华文化中“褒忠贬奸”这一条铁则，就一定会被斥为“不是中国人”。

　西方文化崇尚公正客观的“公正性”，中华文化却强调“褒忠贬奸”的偏向性，即所谓“一边倒”的表现手法。为了强调鲜明立场，中国人创造了很多褒贬之词。谈到政治问题时，汉语的每一句话似乎都带有褒贬之义的偏向性。比如我们只能说 “美国敌视中国”，这样才能表现作为一个中国人的立场，如果有人反过来说： “中国敌视美国”，那肯定不会认为是中国人说的。然而欧美人谈到中国时，就不会用“敌视”这样带有浓厚感情色彩的贬义词。

　再比如“抗日战争”是个褒义词，我们从字面上就可以直观地明白这场战争是中国正义，日本非正义。而中国的“抗日战争”翻译成英文，就变成非常罗嗦的the War of Resistance Against Japan，这显然不符合英文的表达习惯。而英文则用“中日战争”Sino-Japanese War这样简洁的中性词，我们从字面上无法直接看出谁正义、谁非正义。西方人用“第二次世界大战”这样的中性词，而不用“抗德意日战争” 这样的褒义词，最主要的原因是西方文化中没有“褒忠贬奸”的表现手法。

　如果用“中日战争”“朝鲜战争”这样的中性词，人们还要想一想谁是正义的、谁是非正义的这个问题。而用“抗日战争”“抗美援朝”这样的褒义词，人们一看就知道谁是正义的一方，根本不会再思考正义是非的问题了。所以褒贬化的语言也扼杀了中国人的思考能力。

　在文学创作时，美化正面人物，丑化反面人物，使用褒贬手法来增强文学作品的感染力，本来是无可厚非的。可是中国人却把文学的褒贬手法，推广应用到政治、历史等领域。在中国历史上，我们看到的不是被神化的人、就是被丑化的人，却看不到真实的人。中国搞历史教育，不是意在让学生理解真实的历史事件，而是意在教导学生谁是最可爱的英雄，要歌颂赞美；谁是最可恨的奸逆，要贬斥唾骂。

　 正因为中国的褒贬文化和西方的求实文化不同，中文翻成英文就要被中性化。比如汉语中的“恶霸”，翻成英文叫local tyrant，失去了中文原有的贬义。又比如蒋匪军的“匪军”，英文则硬翻成bandit troop，如果不作特别的解释，英国人还以为bandit troop是一支由职业强盗组成的强盗军团。其实“蒋匪军”倒是正规的政府军队，英美人怎么也不明白中国人为什么不喜欢如实地称呼“国民党政府军”，而喜欢用“蒋匪军”这样感情色彩十分浓厚的词汇。英美人没有用蒋匪、共匪、剿匪这样的贬义词来称呼敌军的习惯。美国独立战争时，英国人没有把临时拼凑起来的反英独立军称为“匪军”，美国人也只是中性地讲“南北战争”，没有人称林肯部队是在进行“剿匪”或“讨逆”。

　相反英文翻成中文则要被褒贬感情化。在英文中hegemony（领导权，权威）这个词本来没有什么贬义，hegemonism翻成中文却成为贬义的“霸权主义”。西方人说 “非人道”本来是中性的表述，用汉语则感情地表现为“惨无人道”。中国人喜欢用“日本鬼子”、“四人帮”等贬义词，翻成英文也变成了“日本人”、“四人集团”这样的中性说法。

　我非常赞成芦先生下面一段话：“老芦生平最怕的事，就是去看科技书或哲学书的中译本。虽然看的是母语，似乎远远不如看原文清楚明白。无论说的是多复杂的事儿，西文的句法结构一目了然，不会让你买椟还珠，把脑筋全用在弄清句子之间和句子成份之间的关系上，至于句子运载的思想反倒没工夫去琢磨了。”我本人对看中译本科技书或哲学书的痛苦也是深有体会。中文本来就不擅长表达科技哲学这样要求精确的理性叙述，所以硬译过来的中译科技哲学文章，总是让人看起来发毛。

　 英文追求语言的精确性，而中文则追求语言的褒贬性。中国人善于用文字来进行 “口诛笔伐”，却不善于用文字进行“客观评述”。最近在中文网上，人们不遗余力地笔伐李登辉，贬称李登辉为“李灯灰”、“日本狗”之类，却很少看到站在中间立场上介绍李登辉其人其事的文章。好象大部分中国人上网的目的和兴趣似乎就是为了“口诛笔伐”，搞大批判，根本没有兴趣进行冷静求实的探讨和交换思想。

　汉语经过汉代的“赋”，两晋的“玄谈”以后，形成了一种华而不实的文风。文章里尽是堆砌美丽的词藻，却没有什么具体的内容。比如司马相如的“赋”写到洛阳纸贵的地步，却没有任何具体的思想内涵。到了中唐以后，韩愈、柳宗元、欧阳修等人发起了古文复兴运动，提倡写简朴达意的“古文”，反对花哨做作的“今文 ”，也算是中国历史上一次文艺复兴运动。

　我希望现在网上也能发起一次古文复兴运动，把网文复古到“五四”时代。“五四”时期的争论文章，固然言词激烈，但还没有出现“丧家狗”等骂语，这些话直到 1930年代才洋洋登场。鲁迅固然骂人，但也还没有写过“撒尿当镜子照”这样的粗人秽语。直到毛主席写出“不须放屁”这样的工农兵粗话，成为全国中小学必读诗词之后，中国人才把最后一块见不得人的脏皮也搬上了文坛，还自得其乐。

　汉语本身就是一种追求褒贬性、不善于进行公正客观评述的语言。用汉语写政论文章，自然比较容易出现煽情的倾向，因为汉语中的中性词毕竟太少了一些。是汉语的褒贬性、模糊性造成了中国人的缺乏理性？还是中国人缺乏理性才创造出汉语这样缺乏客观性的语言？这又是一个“先有鸡先有蛋”的问题。如果说一个学生的学习成绩不好是因为后天努力不够，人们一般还可以接受，但如果说该学生学习成绩不好是因为先天不足，就往往要被人指骂。

　记得以前在中学里学过半点辩证法：凡事都有内因和外因，内因为主，外因为辅，外因通过内因起作用。按照辩证法，中国人的遗传基因缺少理性思维是内因，汉语和中华文化太具感性是外因，外因通过内因起作用，所以造就了现在一批缺乏理性雍智的中国人。不知芦先生是否赞成这个辩证法的三段论。

　 补遗

　 关于中文词多还是英文词多的问题，就不得不谈到中文和英文的词汇计算方法。比如英文的individual（个人，个人的）、 individualism（个人主义）、 individualistic（个人主义的）、individualist（个人主义者）就是单独的四个词，而中文只有“个人”和“主义”两个独立词，其它都是合成词。按照英文字典的计词方法，动辄几十万词，而按照中文的计词方法，只有5千个常用字和2万个基本词汇，其它词汇都可以通过这些基本字词来合成。

　正由于汉文和英文的构词方法不同，明治时期的日本人翻译西方著作时，在怎样用汉字来表示欧文词汇的问题上，遇到了极大的困难。日本人把英文后缀“- ism”翻成“主义”，如Materialism（唯物主义）、Capitalism（资本主义）、 Nationalism（民族主义）；把英文后缀“-er”翻成“家”，如Thinker（思想家）、 Writer（作家）、Painter（画家）；英文后缀“-ist”也翻成“家”，如Scientist （科学家）、Capitalist（资本家）、Artist（艺术家）。后来中国人也照搬日本人发明的这种翻译方法，把Revisionism翻成“修正主义”，把Revelutionist翻成 “革命家”。

　 不过这种方法却不适用于把中文逆翻为英文，英文有Marxism（马克思主义）、 Leninism（列宁主义）、可是把“毛泽东主义”写成Mao Zedongism，英美人是无法看懂的，所以只好称Mao Zedong Thought（毛泽东思想）。中国人自创的洋式新词 “洋奴哲学”、“爬行主义”，也很难“复原”为英文。还有中国政治家的一些所谓名言：“两条腿走路”、“摸着石头过河”等，很难原汁原味地译成英文。

　本来东方文化和西方文化就是完全不同的两个体系，走东西方文化相结合的道路是行不通的，就象中国搞了多年“中西医相结合”不见成效一样。
------------------------------------------------------------
陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

南郭西游戏作：疯狂汉语
The Madness of Chinese Language

(2011-02-14 18:57:19)

http://www.tianya.cn/publicforum/content...20.shtml#Bottom

要是全世界的人都说汉语，你认为人与人之间的交流会容易得多吗？

　　让我们勇敢面对吧！——汉语是一门疯狂的语言。

穷光蛋指的不是蛋；糊涂虫并非一条虫。鸡眼长在人脚上，猫眼安在房门中，龙眼可以吃，飞眼可以抛。狗嘴里吐不出象牙，鸡窝里倒能飞出金凤凰。老板不见得老，秘书也不是书。一个人可以是笑面虎，可以是中山狼，可以是哈巴狗，可以是独眼龙，如果是女人，还可以是母老虎，可以是狐狸精。奇怪的是，你的岳父是泰山，妻子是山荆，生下的儿子却是小犬。铁观音不是菩萨，仙人掌不是手掌，孔方兄也叫不得哥哥；寿星呆在地上，银河悬在空中。强奸妇女要判有期徒刑，强奸民意却可以不负责任。

　　我们太自以为是了，天天将汉语信手拈来，不以为意。如果我们细细观察它的矛盾之处，就会发现，飞贼不会飞，方向盘是圆的，红尘既非红色，亦非尘土。为什么阁下指的是你，在下指的是我？蛋糕里有鸡蛋，米糕里有米粉，糟糕里有什么？如果江河湖海都有水，那么法治沙漠是否也有水？官员进贡，商贾贿赂，盗贼销赃，赌鬼赖账，都跟贝大爷脱不了干系，可是贤女守贞，贱汉负心又干贝大爷何事？一个人没有钱只好打光棍打白条打秋风，有了钱可以打关节打官腔打哈哈，老婆孩子可以打，先锋下手也可以打？我们是不是有点疯疯傻傻？

　　我们可以吃老本吃闲饭吃白食，也可以吃食堂吃饭店吃馆子，甚至吃山吃水吃父母！有时候吃苦吃力吃惊我们都愿意，就是不愿意吃闭门羹吃哑巴亏。吃一堑可以长一智，吃不了还得兜着走。考试怕吃鸭蛋，谈恋爱怕吃醋。吃了别人豆腐，人家请你吃官司；吃了百姓劳保，政府请你吃枪子。无论有形无形，正面反面，我们一律通吃！

　　红花入籍为药，芍药原本是花，杜鹃亦花亦鸟。鸡蛋里可以挑骨头，癞蛤蟆总想吃天鹅肉，两个人能穿一条裤子一鼻孔出气。煮熟的鸭子嘴硬，吃人家的嘴软。人人都喜欢戴高帽子，没有人愿意戴绿帽子。

　 　有时候我不禁想，所有说汉语的人都得送进疯人院去，因为他们胡言乱语，夹缠不清！哪一门语言里有不怕一万就怕万一？用家道表示家境，而道家表示门派？牲畜表示动物畜牲用来骂人？上面指上头而面上则是脸上？手下可以下手而下人却不甘人下？你在哪种语言里看到马屁可以拍，风景可以杀，牛角尖可以钻，话匣子可以打开，东风可以借，西北风可以喝，枕边风可以吹？怎么向前看表示的是未来，往后看表示的还是未来？为什么目前表示现在，从前表示的又是过去？前人栽树，后人乘凉；前事不忘，后事之师；那么前生孽债，后生可畏？回首前尘，步人后尘？当一门语言里出现中国队大胜荷兰队是他们赢，中国队大败荷兰队还是他们赢；出现厂长上车间其实也是他下车间；出现领导不会领导干事只能干事，你只得佩服它的神经病也让人费神经。

　　汉语是人发明的，不是电脑生成的。它反映的是人性中的创造成分，是人性使然，而非不通人性。因此，当我们把灯灭了，灯照样可以用；当我们把人灭了，他就从地球上消失了。当我结束停当，我准备去参加朋友聚会；当我结束这篇文章，我不准备再写下去了。

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

陈凯再版/人鬼谈
Kai Chen Reprint/Speaking of Man and Devil

”自由人”对抗“中国人”序列
"Free Beings" vs. "Chinese" Series

陈凯一语：Kai Chen's Words:

“见人说人话，见鬼说鬼话”是中国人婊子牌坊心理病态的写照，是自欺欺人的人的写照，是中国精明而没有智慧的人们的写照，是中国人永远逃脱道德责任的写照，是难得糊涂的两面人的写照，是中国恶性朝代循环的起源。

"When you see a human, you speak human language; when you see a devil, you speak devil's language". This common expression in China is the demonstration of Chinese "virgin whore" complex and bipolar spirituality, is a constant excuse for a Chinese to escape his moral responsibility, is a definite sign for those who are shrewd but without intelligence and wisdom, is the origin of the vicious Chinese dynastic cycle."

***************************************

By Kai Chen 陈凯 （Written 11/4/2007, Reprint 3/8/2011)

When people in China are using such "human and devil" expressions, they don't realize that they themselves are exactly the problem and the origin of all the Chinese troubles/evils.

In China people think that everyone should not choose their moral orientation. Instead, they should just do anything they can to survive (cheat, lie, deceive, manipulate, self-castrate, even kill...), at the cost of being a devil (man-eater), or being a Eunuslawhore (eunuch, slave, whore rolled into one)themselves, or being both... They take being a "monkey king" able to change shape and form thousands of times in one second or a chameleon able to change colors all the time, as the ultimate Chinese wisdom and art of living. They jeer and laugh at Americans as "too simple, too naive, too dump, and too innocent", while they pride themselves as the inheritors of some "Ancient Oriental Wisdom"...

The Chinese really don't know it is they who are the stupid ones without intellectual capacity, without moral integrity, without a shred of wisdom, without common sense. It is they who are cheating themselves into a vicious cycle of man-eating-man-eating-man... It is they who are creating virgin whores. They are nothing but shrewd, cunning self-deceivers.

The Chinese never believe humans are free to create their own environment and to master their own fate. They always believe humans are born slaves of their own cultural and social environment and they are only passive receivers of their fate. They never understand that although we all have sins, we don't value and treasure our sins. We are only aware of them and making choices to stay away from the sins. In one word, We choose to be human by speaking human language. The moment we start to speak devil's language, the moment we will be morally confused sinners, for we choose to value devil.

This mortal cultural defect is not present in the West, because of largely the values of Christianity and the teachings of Christ. This is why in the West, history is objective and linear toward hope and better tomorrow, while the Chinese are mired in their never-ending cycles of destruction. In the West, people choose to be human. And they speak human language regardless what circumstance they are in. Thus they are using their own presence and existence to change and improve their environment constantly for the better. They believe in "Unmoveable Movers" -- Only those with firm moral stand on humanity can push history forward, toward a more human and humane tomorrow.

We must abandon the evil and degenerate "human devil" virgin-whore complex, and the practice of "speaking devil's language if we see a devil", if we ever hope for a better tomorrow. We must take a firm moral stand and be the "Unmoveable Movers" ourselves, in order to push the history toward one direction - hope and future.

-------------------------------------------------------------

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

人鬼谈
Of Human and Devil

- 从中国人两面中庸看中国的恶性朝代循环 – 对照西方基督文化的绝对道德价值及其方向性进步历史 -

陈凯 6/12/2006 (再版 Reprint 3/8/2011)

我常常听到中国人议论美国人（西方人）。 这些议论大都出不了几种范畴模式： 如美国文化跟中国文化不一样；或美国人简单，天真，傻，人情淡漠；或美国人没有文化传统，太自由，不规矩、、等等。 大部分的议论多是描述性的，时常暗示贬义的，有时中性无义的，有时讥讽的，有时嘲笑的、、。 很少有人对中美的政治文化进行有道德取向的，有逻辑推理的分析。更少有人褒扬美国人（西方人）的价值，道德取向。 似乎中国人就应该与美国人不一样 – 言外之意当然是中国文化的高深，中华文明的悠久，中国人原本应有的优越与高人一等、、。

甚至大部分所谓的中国精英们也在对中西文化分析中取折中，中庸之道。他们拼命地在东方专制的精神毒品中挖取伪价值，伪营养，将鸦片白面标签为传统养身秘方推销给那些没有价值取向的灵智弱残的人。 同时又拼命地在美国（西方）的线性的，方向性的进步历史中挖取那些早已被西方的绝对价值取向摈弃的负向行为理念和历史丑闻。似乎将美国（西方）早已从自身肌体排泄摈除的垃圾废物挖出来会使中国人的虚荣脸面得到某种补偿与满足。 甚至一些西方的左派们也用所谓“完美社会说“ 抨击西方的方向性进步文化，并试图从东方，中国的精神毒素中汲取所谓“智慧营养”。“文化等同论”与“道德相对论”就是这些西方左棍们吸食中国精神鸦片白面所产生出的畸形怪物。

“你看，美国也有过奴隶制，教会也迫害过哥白尼，伽利略，西方也有过中世纪的黑暗、、。 所以我们不能搞全盘西化，我们不能抛弃中国传统中的好东西、、。“

中国的国粹者们也借西方左棍们的昏头舞唱着，跳着。一时大宣“二十一世纪是中国世纪”的狂言病语。 一些原主张“全盘西化”的人们也对自己的主张产生了一些踌躇，迷茫与犹豫。

那什么是“西化”呢？ 西化就是“人化”，就是“进步化”，就是“价值方向化”。 衡量一个人的品行质量的标准并不在于他的一生经过了什么，而在于他在他一生的经历中学到了什么，得到了什么，有什么价值方向的取向。 衡量一个文化的优劣好坏的标准也是这样。 美国基于其宪法的价值绝没有将奴隶制，种族主义当作价值去褒扬追求。 相反的是，美国的内战是去消灭奴隶制的；美国的人权运动是去排除种族主义的残余的；美国的教科书，节假日纪念是林肯，马丁路德、金的。 哥白尼，伽利略是西方宣扬追求的偶像；那些中世纪的红衣主教们并不在人们的价值语言里。 我提倡“全盘西化”就是提倡建立导致“人化”，“进步化”，“价值方向化”的一套文化价值体系和政治架构。 这有如我想要的并不是一个毒瘾成性的，病态的，垂死的人的恶性循环的机能，机制与心态，而是一个健康的人的新陈代谢，良性循环的机能，机制与心态。这种良性机能，机制与心态可以排除糟粕，抵抗疾病，汲取营养，成长进化。

那什么是“中化”呢？ “中化”就是“非人反人化”，就是“鬼化”，“奴化”，就是“价值浑浊化”，就是“恶性循环化”，“毒瘾成性化“，“停滞不前化”。 一般中国人病态地，糊涂地认为：一个人的经历，环境为其优劣好坏下定义。 一个人的外表与血肉就是其存在的证明。 所以在中国有“血肉筑长城”的国歌。 “灵魂“与“价值取向”从不在中国人的语言里。 中国古代所有文学历史记载都是关于“争权夺势”，“朝代循环”，“血肉生死”的，从未有“捍卫真理”，“追求精神价值”，“崇尚人的尊严与完整”的 “人“的褒扬与记载。

“中”字本身的两种含义都是“虚无价值”和“反价值”的： “中央”意味着等级制。基于这一层意思人与人，国与国之间都是不平等的。 “君臣父子”，“进贡敬皇”就是基于这个“中”的。 “中庸”是另一个含义：不辨真伪，不识好坏，不置可否，各打五十大板是这个“中”的引申，也是中国人对”正义“的歪解。 ”见人说人话，见鬼说鬼话“是中国人普遍的行为规范，也是中国人自欺的，精明诡诈而毫无智慧的反价值哲学的写照。 ”孙猴子七十二变“与”变色龙“是中国人对智慧的定义和对道德鉴别，道德责任的永远推卸的借口伎俩。

在中国“人本善“的哲学前提里，”鬼“的存在是被否认的。 “鬼”是被人恐惧的外来物，而不是人的灵魂的内在产生。 人们不光不知鬼，不觉鬼，人们反而学鬼，崇鬼，与鬼认同。 今天在中国”崇毛“，”神毛“的现象就是中国人由怕鬼而学鬼，崇鬼的灵魂的暴露。 中国人今天的自恨，自怨，自贬 （常反映在对他人的他恨，他怨，他贬上）就是中国人“人鬼心态”的外在表露。人们只是直觉感到毛就是他们灵魂中“鬼”的象征，但他们选择的不是用”人“限鬼，斗鬼，灭鬼，而是否认鬼的存在，与鬼谋和，与鬼谋存，供鬼求权（全），贡鬼求平免乱。 如果说西方基督文化价值中的”忏悔“ 是人在灵魂中限鬼，斗鬼，灭鬼的工具途径，中国人亦不知”灵魂“是何物，更不要提将“忏悔”作为工具和武器。 基督精神中的”承认鬼（devil）和 原弊（sin）的存在“并与鬼和人的原弊斗争而走向人性与希望的教义是中国文化中从始就无的绝对道德概念。

“人鬼不分”，“人鬼共存”，“人弱鬼强”，“人灭鬼兴”在中国人灵魂中的腐败的积累使中国文化，中国人逐渐“鬼化”。 “吃人”成了“中国鬼”存活的必然途径。 人性在中国已在“鬼性”的强大打击下不断的削弱到了残喘的地步。 中国的阴阳符在近代与马克思的辩证法苟同结合更促进了中国人的“鬼化”。 人的道德，人的价值进一步被贬黜到了骇人听闻的地步。 在现代的中国人就是鬼，鬼就是人，是就是非，非就是是，白就是黑，黑就是白，真就是假，假就是真。 这阴阳符在辩证法的动力下高速旋转，将中国的恶性朝代循环推向了新的维度境界。 大多中国人不知这人鬼不分的危害，反而不以为耻反以为荣地将其作为中国文化与中国人的定义而引为骄傲。

两千多年以前，正在亚洲大地战火连绵，血雨腥风地争霸权，争统一的疯狂时代，在西方发生了两个重大事件：

在希腊多音节字母文字的产生给人类带来了理性思维的工具，促使了人们在逻辑推理的抽象思维空间中加速了前进的步伐，给人们在自然与社会科学，教育，法律等领域里带来了长足的，持续的进步。

一个赤足简衣，举止温和的木匠在中东与西方掀起了一场改变人类命运里程的默默的革命：他用自己的生命造就了人的自知，自省，自我完美。 他在人类灵魂的磁场中建立了一个指北针，告知了人们他们所要遵循的绝对道德价值。 人类从此在杀人吃人的恶性漩涡中自拔了出来，走上了通往自由的希望之路。 基督后的2006年的人类里程是一个从恶性循环走向线性方向，从绝望走向希望，从黑暗走向光明，从血肉走向灵魂，从死亡走向生命，从虚无走向意义，从奴役走向自由的里程。 这是一个以人拒鬼的里程。

在基督的道德价值中，人不论在任何场合，任何环境，任何时间都用绝对的道德价值说着“人”话。 他深知“鬼”的存在和他自身“原弊”的存在。 但他绝不向鬼与原弊认同。 他用虔诚的忏悔与鬼与原弊分道扬镳。 他用人的语言选择了人的道路，人的方向。 这世界从此从鬼性的泥潭中跳了出来，走向了人性的，无尽希望的海洋。

然而，直到今天，十三亿中国大陆的人们仍旧被“人鬼不分”的鬼性所缠绕而迷茫。他们的灵魂仍旧被他们的血肉所捆绑；他们的理性仍旧被他们的单音节象形文字所束缚；他们仍旧被精神与感知的混乱所淹没。 默默地绝望是他们唯一的真实存在。 我不得不向他们发问：

如果你们能在数学中接受阿拉伯数字，在音乐中接受五线谱，为什么不能在科学，教育与法律中接受以英文为主的多音节字母文字？ 如果你们能允许毛共将马克思的辩证法用枪杆子强加给你们，为什么不能主动地用你们尚存的人性去接受基督的“人”的洗礼，使你们从此加入人类的“人”的行列，加入“爱”与“理性”的行列，加入“生命”，“希望”，“自由”的行列，加入那用绝对道德价值作为指北针的“兴人驱鬼”的欢乐的自由大军的行军行列中去？！

只有当你们彻底抛弃了你们的“人鬼情结”之后，你们才有可能在永恒价值的立足点上， 成为“不可动摇”的有着坚定信念的“推动历史前进”的有意义的人们 --- THE UNMOVABLE MOVERS.

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

陈凯再版/标像符号与一个国度的群体价值
National Symbols and Values

“自由人”对抗“中国人”序列
"Free Beings" vs. "Chinese" Series

陈凯一语：Kai Chen's Words:

从中国的方块象形单音节文字到 “龙凤图腾“ 到 “毛像林立”（毛魔钞票、僵尸祭堂） 到 ”戏剧脸谱“ 到 ”金瓦红墙紫禁宫”到 “狰狞金刚”到 “五星红旗” 到 “血肉长城”、、、， 中国人的精神世界早已被专制奴役的标像符号的灭绝人性的无尽苦海而淹没。 无灵、无智、无目、无骨、无勇、无睾、无德、无创造的“宦奴娼”文化就此有了外在的代表与象征。

From the Chinese character-based syllabic language to the image of "Dragons and Phoenix", from the various masks in the Chinese opera to the omnipresent Mao portraits and statues, from golden tiles and red high walls of the Forbidden City to the Great Wall, from the scary faces of the Chinese gods/saints in the temples to the Confucius statue on Tiananmen Square..., the Chinese spiritual world has long been inundated and stifled by the oceans of despotic symbols that materialize a dehumanizing culture. Soulless, mindless, vision-less, gutless, boneless, soulless, ball-less, creativity-less Chinese "Eunuslawhores" (eunuchs, slaves, whores) who have roamed China since the first emperor/dynasty are the necessary origins of and products from such exterior symbols.

********************************************

一个国度的标像符号与其反映的群体价值
A Nation's Symbols and Values

--为什么中国进步的希望只能在中共消亡之后才能出现
Why the Despotic/Communist Symbols Must be Destroyed before A New China Can Finally Emerge

“自由人”对抗“中国人”序列
"Free Beings" vs. "Chinese" Series

by Kai Chen 陈凯

Written Monday, May 8, 2006 5:40:48 AM (Reprint 1/21/2011)

【本文是《SYMBOLS AND A NATION’S VALUES》一文的中文版，http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=646】

有人说过一个国度所建立的标像符号可以代表一个国度的人们的价值体现，品德状态与心理特征。 在一九八九年六四天安门大屠杀二十一年后的今天，在深深的反思反省之后，我不能不说这个说法是非常确切的。

想一想那一天在你脑海中留下的情景与场面吧：

坦克、机枪、火、烟、死伤的人们、眼泪、血、哀嚎、共党罪魁们的无情的无动于衷的木雕式的脸孔、自由女神像、中国歌颂“血肉长城”的国歌、天安门城楼上毛泽东像的无情的、冷漠的，残酷的眼光、、。 二十一年之后，所有的与那一天有关的信息与形象都被中国党朝当局从人们的眼睛中与记忆中清除掉了。 “自由女神像”只在香港与美国幸存延续了下来。 怪诞的与令人难解的是中国的人们似乎也想将那些血腥的景象和那一天从他们的知觉中与灵魂中永远地消除。 中国的人们今天所谈的都是如何挣钱，如何把自己的儿女送到海外就读，如何在中国的官途权途上向上爬，如何不要扰乱由中共党政所维持的死水臭水秩序（如何维护“和谐”与“统一”）。 是的，去记忆起那些惨痛的黑暗的时刻，并用良知与理性做出结论与鉴别却实让人痛苦难受与心神不定。 是的，去承认是我们自己在几十年中赡养了，纵容了与支持了一个罪恶的与压迫我们自身的政治文化与政体制度只能使我们感到自身的渺小、卑贱、内疚、无助于无望。

当一切都过去了之后，只有那些最压迫我们，最凌辱我们的形象永存了下来： 高挂在天安门城楼上的魔鬼般的暴君的毛泽东挂像的注视，贮存毛魔僵尸的压人对专制暴政顶礼膜拜的毛纪念堂，血红的天安门城墙和那城楼上悬挂着的象征专制集权的五星国旗与国徽、、。 现在又加上了一座弘扬古典专制暴政的腐儒孔子塑像。 真可谓砒霜加氢化钠 -- “毒上加毒，不能再毒”。

我经常想到当中国的人们每一天从那个死神般的毛泽东的注视之下，在猩红色的五星国旗下走过，或骑着他们的单车，或在他们的汽车和公共汽车里通过长安街的时候，对那些剧毒的标像符号他们是怎么想的和感觉的。 我经常想到当人们掏出钱包抽出那带着毛像的“人民币”钞票的时候，他们是怎么想和感觉的。 我经常想到人们将如何在毛泽东的伪上帝般的塑像下告诉他们的后代他们在毛泽东的时代经过了些什么，做了些什么，鉴证了些什么。 我经常想到人们在六十多年的共产党统治中会记忆什么，学到什么，延续些什么、、。 他们会告诉他们的后代那些被他们自己的军队，坦克消灭压碎的人体与形象符号吗？ 他们会用什么语言去形容那“自由女神像”呢？ 他们怎么去解释中国的国旗、国歌代表着意味着什么呢？

见过天安门“自由女神像”的人们都会承认那个槊像是根据美国的自由女神槊像而仿造的。 两像都是女性。 两像都将火炬高举在她们头上。 两像都有美丽与尊严的外表。 但在两像的不同之处上却体现了两个社会与两种人们深刻的截然不同，甚至相反的价值取向。 美国的自由女神有着强烈的不容否认的宗教信仰内涵。 自由女神的头冠和其手中的圣经告诉我们她那不可动摇的对天良，对真理，对正义的精神信仰并确立它们是自由的基石。 她手中的象征着对未来的希望的火炬如果没有这些基石便只能是暗淡无光，毫无意义的。 只有在这火炬与圣经的联合体中，自由的象征才是真实的与有内涵的。

对照美国的自由女神，六四天安门前的中国“自由女神”即没有头冠也没有圣经。 她只用双手擎着火炬。 由于对“自由”这个字眼的避嫌与恐惧，中国的自由女神被“中国人”安上了一个“民主”的头衔：许多西方的价值词汇在中国（中文）都有着负向的内涵。 自由只是其中的一个。 信仰是另外的一个。 个人，资本主义，西方，理性，逻辑，推理等等，在中国都有着不同程度的贬义与被排斥的倾向。 然而，中国的人们完全没有理解在这自由女神手里的火炬，如果没有坚强的对真理，正义，自由与个体神圣的人权的精神信仰，决不会成为给与人们希望的光明。 在毫无精神信仰的、非理性无逻辑的人群中，这把火炬只能成为毁灭未来的手段和专制暴政的借口与遁词。 它决不会指引人们走向进步。 相反，它只会在盲目的愤怒和非理性的病态行为中，将不论新旧正邪的所有存在一起销毁。

对“中国人”对个体与自由的恐惧，鄙视与排斥，我们可以再追述的远一点，追述到中国古专制文化的标像符号 -- 那个无所不在的“龙”：

如果说当我们看到基督教的象征--耶稣被钉在十字架上的形象，我们会深感自身的不完美，我们会深切的悔过自身，深切的反省我们自身的失行失德，并由之认识到天良与进步只有在我们真实的认识自身的作为人的缺陷，但不挠的去追求那些永恒价值的时候才会真正来到人间。 当我们看到中国的象征--“龙”的时候，我们所感到的只是我们作为个体的渺小与无助，和那不容置疑的，无所不在的，无所不能的国家、族群与政治机器的的强权。 我们从那“龙”的形象中所看到的和感到的是一个我们今天都在相信的伪真理：那就是无边无际的国权、政权、皇权、族群权是我们在道德上唯一的，去鉴别是非，好坏，真假与正义与否的准则。 正因如此，我们所见所感所接受的是软弱无力的个体意志与无法定义的群体利益对个人自由的肆无忌惮的践踏。

我们自然而然的会由中国的“龙”联想到那代表中国的，到处皆是的“长城”的形象。 这两个形象都反映了那“族群一统的皇权”在每一个“中国人”头上的巨大淫威。 这两个形象都建立在为了那个“神秘的黄色种族的存在”而必取的人的道德的沦丧、人的无穷无尽的痛苦与受难上的。 这两个形象都体现了那深刻的狭隘，闭塞，排外的群体压个体的心态情结。 这两个形象都依存在那座写着“‘我’什么都不是，‘我们’才是一切”文化碑石上的。 这两个形象对每个个人所产生的情态只有一个： 那就是强烈的恐惧感与恐慌感。 这两个形象企图对每个个人所影响而产生的行为取向只有一个： 那就是个体对群体的绝对屈从、绝对随和与崇拜。

我曾在1978年随中国国家篮球队来美比赛并访问了五个城市，其中之一是美国首都华盛顿。 几年以前我又再度游览了这个城市。 我深思了在华盛顿的那些政府建筑与纪念美国国父们的标像符号。 我不光对它们的魅力与辉煌而惊叹不已，我更欣赏由它们的造型而代表的、无形的深刻意义与内涵。 就是那些深刻的意义内涵使我今天骄傲的宣称： “我是个纯粹的美国人。 我生来就从不是一个“中国人”（党朝奴）。 我生来就已经是一个“美国人”（自由人）。 只是我生错了地方。”

白宅 (the White House) （并不是由“中国人”专制意念曲解而译为的“白宫”）与美国国会大厦是用一种开放的形式而建立的：它们反映了美国宪政政体的合法性来自自由的个体与民主程序。 它们的大门是向民众敞开的。 但美国最高法院建筑却截然不同：它并不自开放形式而建，也不对公众开放。它反映了宪法与法律绝不应受公众数量和公众政治的影响。 宪法与法律应是正义的与客观的，并只对上苍/绝对道德与良知/理性负责的。 由此社会才有道德指南，历史才有“向前演进”的方向（而绝非“原地打转”的“驴拉磨与抽陀螺”）。 华盛顿纪念碑的简单设计使我联想到美国首届总统决立新律而拒绝了那些劝他称王称帝的所有建议。 林肯纪念堂用它那独特的风格向人们大声宣告着美国的价值--“所有人被（上苍）创来平等”。 杰弗逊纪念堂使我联想到美国的宪政精神与它所倡导的人类永恒的价值--“生命，自由，与对幸福的向往与追求”。 面对这些美国价值的象征，不论你来自何方，你都会感到你个体人生的宝贵与存在的意义，你都会感到人的创造精神的伟大，你都会对人类走向未来与进步充满希望。

只瞟一眼美中两国的国旗你便看出两种国度所代表的两种截然相反的价值：美国国旗的红蓝白三色与其五十个同样大小的星代表着联邦精神，代表着平等（在上苍与法律面前），自由，正义与勇气。 中共党朝的国旗则用它的猩红色，用它的四个小黄星围绕着一个大黄星宣扬着它的专制族群价值： 流血杀人，国家强权，民靠政府，种族（大汉）优先，个体服从群体，等级至上，盲目屈从、、。 一个有灵有智的人不能不问： 如果一个政府能将其执政机构建在像（俄国）克林姆林宫或（中国）紫禁宫里的时候，这将给与其民众及其心态什么样的信号与影响呢？ 除去使其国度的民众感到这个政府与其前权贵者的沙皇与皇帝毫无区别，还能有什么呢？ 这真是一个公正与残酷的公断与结局：斯大林与毛泽东正是这个无情的逻辑的必然引申。

面对中国的所有古今专制标像符号，一个“中国人”能感到什么呢？

混淆与混乱，非理性，残忍，迷信，朝代循环，无尽的流血，专制，绝望，消极与无奈，遐想与逃避，病态幻觉，无法无天，头脑奴化，群压个与个依群，拆墙脚与毁灭，压抑智慧天才，打击创造 ，盲目追从，欣赏糊涂与无知、、。 我还可以列出许多，这里就不多叙。

且不说中国传统专制的标像符号，就从1949年起自中共党朝掌权之后所建立的标像符号谈起，不能不让人哀叹不止： 毛象林立，红旗招展，魔尸纪念堂，百万人大广场，大阅兵，大会堂，大字报 ，大游行，大跃进，大革命，大标语，人民二字满天飞、、等等。 这些标像符号进一步强化了中国人的病态心理情结，使他们更感到个体的渺小与无奈无助。 对现实、对自我的憎恶与对过去的幻觉憧憬使他们走到了“默默绝望”的深渊。

我一直认为即使在中共倒后，中国的人们仍面临着重大的重建一个健康道德的政治文化与经济结构，重建“个体认同”的良知心态的挑战。 被中国古代与现代的各种专制标像符号所强化的腐朽的病态文化心理情结是不容忽视的，在建立新的自由社会时的重大障碍与阻挠。 事情在变好之前可能会变得更坏。 这绝不意味我支持中共党朝的继续延喘：中共党朝必先倒，中国才有可能有转机的希望与“向前演进“的机会。 中共党朝不倒，不光没有转机的可能，中国人们的事态、心态、德态必然每况愈下。

“倒共”只能是一场“革命”： 销毁去除毛像、毛尸、国旗、国徽、国歌等专制极权的标像符号不可能不是一场深刻的“文化心态的革命”。 “共后”的新政府决不能放置在“紫禁宫”。 天安门广场也决不能再成为“群压个”的炫耀武力与流血的政治广场。 恶性“朝代循环”（驴拉磨、抽陀螺）决不能在中国再重演。 “三权分立”的联邦宪政一定要用全新的标像符号与建筑群来完整地体现。 新的“自由文化”主导的社会一定要建立新的标像符号（歌曲、口号、旗帜、色彩、服装、标志、塑像、建筑、等等）。

当一个“中国人”站在天安门前毛像下的时候，不管他怎样否认，在他的良心深处他都会承认他眼前的那个形象就是人类与中国历史上最大的、反人类的、杀害了迫害了无数无辜的罪犯。 在毛泽东与中共党朝的罪恶统治下，人的灵魂与心态受到了极大的摧残与扭曲。 今天“中国人”已堕落到不识好坏，不辨真假，不知是非，毫无正义感，胆小如鼠的、灵智至残的怪物。 当人们在毛的邪恶僵尸前尊敬地、小心翼翼地走过时，你能说他们的灵魂与理性是健全的吗？ 当五星血旗飘扬在你头上的时候，你在想什么？ 当你面对那个张牙舞爪的中国“龙”的形象的时候，你又感到了什么？ 是爱吗？ 是进步吗？ 是宽容吗？ 是幸福吗？ 是创造吗？ 是自省自悟吗？ 你作为一个“中国人”在看到、想到我所提及的这些标像符号的时候，感觉如何呢？

事实往往与我们想象的逻辑结果所不同： 大部分“中国人”在看着国旗，听着“血肉长城”的国歌的时候感到热血沸腾，骄傲无比。 但一个有良知，有思维，有逻辑理性，有正义感与尊严的个人本应对此感到巨大的耻辱，巨大的反悔，巨大的悲哀，巨大的愤怒，并由此而产生巨大的动力去摈弃旧文化、旧心态以开拓新的道路。 不言而喻，在此“婊子牌坊”的两极心态与“人鬼情结”导致着“中国人”的精神分裂症与双重人格： 他们可以在白天向美国大使馆扔石头表愤怒，但在晚上去美国大使馆排队签证，奋勇争先。 这是一种什么样的人？ 这是一种什么样的心态？ 他是一个存在还是一个虚无？ 世人可见。

醒醒吧，人们！ 意识到我们灵魂中的堕落与腐败吧！ 只有首先意识到这种堕落与腐败我们才有可能重新建立人的天良与尊严，回到“造人造物的上苍”面前。 只有在中共党朝消亡之后（历史已清楚证实没有一个专制政权可以自己改革、改良。）我们才能最终将那天安门城楼上的屠夫罪犯的魔像，和那具在天安门广场上的被人血浸泡的罪恶的魔尸，才能将那专制血旗与“血肉”国歌，以及由它们所代表的专制暴政在我们灵魂中的污染与压迫统统送进历史的垃圾箱里去。 那时，当我们消除了那些象征腐朽压迫、专制极权的标像符号以后，我们才能开始清洗素毒我们的心态，才能开始谈论未来，才能决然抛弃恶性专制朝代的循环，在道德指南之下向前、向未知、向希望迈进。

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

陈凯再版/不脱“中国”不成人-- 人vs.宦奴娼
Kai Chen Reprint/Free Yourself from "China"

-看“中国”二字对人的摧残，奴化与束缚-
"China" is the Shackle on Free Beings

“自由人”对抗“中国人”序列
"Free Beings" vs. "Chinese" Series

陈凯 Kai Chen (5/9/2006 Written, 2/5/2011 Reprint)

这个主题（脱中国）的逻辑在此：没有真正的人- “自由人”便不会有真实的中国。

人先于国国才有意义。 现实的中国没有真实的人（自由人）。 因为中国是以消灭真实的人（自由人）而立国的，所以中国没有真正的人。 真正的人（自由人）也不会建立以消灭人性为目的的国。 只有灭绝人性的人们（奴）才能建立灭绝人性的国度（党奴朝）。 要建立/回复真正的人就要销毁现实的中国。 “灭国而复人爱人”而绝非“救国而杀人灭人”是唯一理性与道德的选择。 在现实中国框架中生活的并与其认同的人不会是真正的人。 他们只能是奴隶，宦官，小偷，强盗，强奸者，卖淫者，御用者，皇权崇拜者，贿赂者，文化吸毒并毒瘾成性者，难得糊涂者，诡而无智者，肉而无灵者，群而无个者，虚而无实者，崇权疾贤者，苟且偷生者，胆小无为者，精神分裂者，两极阴阳者，人鬼不分者…。

所谓的“中国人”，“国人”，“国民” 其实是自相矛盾的名词。 有中国处便无人，便无自由。 在中国与国的压迫下，人何谓人？ 民无人而何谓民？ 中国其实应称“鬼国”。 在鬼国中，人是鬼，是魔，是怪，是奴，是妓，是虚，是无。 在鬼国中，鬼吃人，鬼变人，鬼惑人，鬼拌人，鬼扰人，鬼杀人，鬼灭人…。

什么是人？ 人不同于畜与物。

人有灵： 人能识好坏良莠。 人能辩真假是非。人能知进步与落后。 人能自知、自省、自悟、自由选择追求幸福。

人有智： 人能基逻辑而推理。 人能凭学习而进步。 人能借探求未知而积累知识，走向希望与未来。 人能籍反省历史而汲取教训，不重蹈覆辙。

人有欲： 人有幸福欲、欢乐欲、求知欲、表现欲、信仰欲、满足欲、食欲、性欲、自由欲…。

人有感： 人有爱感、悲感、崇高感、卑贱感、内疚感、使命感、同情感、希望感、绝望感、满足感、平静感…。

人有尊严： 人有作人的天赋尊严。 无人可以用任何人作为达到目的的手段。

人有权利： 人有作人的天赋权利。 人有言论权、表达权、创造权、生命权、追求幸福权、生育权、爱情权…。

人有意志： 人有上苍赋予的自由。 人有选择并为其承担责任。

人有个体性： 猪猡不知它与它猪有何不同。 人却深知个人的独特。

什么是“中国”？ 什么是“中国人”的“国”？

它是“人”（自由人）的定义的相反与背叛：

“中国人”没有灵，只有“忠”： 灵乃上苍所赐。 “忠”乃皇帝，国家所给。 忠君忠国之人不识好坏良莠，不辩真假是非，不知进步与落后。 忠君忠国之人没有自知、自省、自悟、自由意志与选择。

“中国人”没有智，只有愚伪： 对中国人而言，欺人欺己便是智，昏头混脑便是明。非逻辑，无推理，不学只记，不创只仿，怕探求，惧未知。 如此“中国”，何谓希望与未来，何谓真实历史。 “一国两制”与“专制下的自由” 是中国人“愚智恶智”的胎儿。

“中国人”崇灭欲： 欲在中国乃是罪。怕欲、抵欲、消欲、灭欲乃世人所求。 无欲无求乃世人所取。

“中国人”怕表达感情： 感情外露为耻。 感情隐藏，感情压抑，感情消灭为荣。 “中国人”的爱是“无性的爱”。 “中国人”的性是“无爱的性”。

“中国人”不知何为尊严： 用人与被人用是中国人际关系的定义，是“中国特色”的奴化。

“中国人”没有真实信仰，不知何为天赋人权： 混淆权利(Rights)与强权(Power)是中国专制的特征。 一切来自政府、国家与皇帝乃是中国人对人权(Human Rights)的认识。

“中国人”不知人有自由意志： “笼中奴隶圈中猪”是中国人唯一所知的生存状态。 大多中国人离了笼子枷锁便不知如何生活。 “自由”对中国人而言是毫无责任、毫无理性、毫无人性、毫无良知的胡作非为。

“中国人”没有个性与独立人格： “枪打出头鸟”、“人怕出名猪怕壮” – 消灭所有有个性与人格（尊严）尚存的人是中国“文化负向筛选”（孔儒精神阉割术）的唯一特征。 二代三代海外华人与大陆华人/新移民的不同由此略见一癍。

无庸赘述，“有‘中国’后便无‘人’” 是有理而存的。 “中国”二字就像压在人头上的一座大山。 在这座大山下人是变态的，病态的，扭曲的，非人的怪物与魔鬼。 吃人是“它们”唯一的生存手段；他人的痛苦便是鬼怪们的欢乐；认知自然规律与道德法则的人成了傻瓜而被虐、被杀、被灭；自阉忠君的宦官成了人上人；社会成了卖身者与卖尊者的乐园吸毒院；国家成了专制者用人试验的实验场；人成了无灵，无智的血肉之躯被权贵们用来建造那庞大虚无的，只产生苦难、毁灭与死亡的“长城”- 围绕着，保卫着那非人、反人的、杀人与灭人的“中国”。

这就是“中国”；这就是那人死鬼兴的世界；这就是那痛苦的根源。 要建新中国，必先重建“人”。 让“人”归回到他的本源、本性，归回到造人、造物主(Creator/God) 的面前。 只有这样，将来的“中国”才是有意义的中国，才会是道德的中国，才是“人”的，而不是“鬼”的，中国。 这样的中国才有成为伟大国度的可能。

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

陈凯一语： Kai Chen's Words:

The central theme of all human endeavor is to seek meaning in life. This differentiates humans from animals. Yet true meaning, truth and essence of things can only exist in abstraction. In another word, true reality only exists in abstraction, not appearance. Chinese character-based syllabic language with its pictorial superficial appearance obstructs and distorts true reality and essence in existence, therefore making Chinese society a nihilistic morass with illusions and fake reality. Soulless "walking dead" as a form of survival physically in China is only a necessary result.

人类全部活动的中心是对生命意义的追寻。 这就是人与动物的根本区别。 生命意义，事物实质与客观真理只能在抽象维度中存在。 也就是说，真实只存在于抽象之中。 表象往往是主观与不真实的。 中国的单音节表象文字，基于它的表象性与主观性，只对事物实质与客观真理的发现起到阻碍与扭曲的作用。 由此，这种文字的运用必然导致中国社会的虚无与虚假性。 毫无灵魂的行尸走肉，作为一种生理存活的无意义表象形式，便成为了中国人的行为定义。

*******************************

表象文字歪曲抽象实质与客观真理
Chinese - Distortion of Reality and Truth

By Kai Chen 陈凯 （Written 9/29/2006, Reprint 9/25/2011)

If you translate English text into Chinese, everything will be distorted and misconceived, making the translated text either untrue in its original meaning, unreadable or worse, totally opposite of its original meaning.

Let's look some examples: sin - 原罪？ God - 上帝？ President - 总统？ White House - 白宫？ Democracy - 民主？ Liberty - 自由？ human being - 人？ United States - 美国？ People - 人民？

The list is endless. The distortion is endless. The misunderstanding is endless. The misconception is endless. The anti-meaning is endless. The opposite interpretation of original essence is endless.... Almost everything essential contained in the original English words will be either entirely lost, distorted or reversely understood.

I have written numerous essays to impart the truth about Chinese character-based, syllabic language, based on my many years as translator and my reading of related literature. I stress here again:

It cannot be more important for the Chinese to realize the harmful effect of the language their ancestors have bestowed upon them. It has made them entirely impotent and handicapped in facing a true world, in understanding reality and seeking truth in abstraction. Only when they abandon the use of the Chinese language as a viable tool to understand, organize, store and communicate information among humans, only when they adopt English (an alphabetic language) as the official language as the tool to understand, store, organize and propagate information within and without the Chinese society, and only when they adopt English (an alphabetic language) as the effective tool to seek reality and truth, though the appearances and superficiality they encounter, China can begin to walk toward being a normal society with a vision for the future, for only then China can be free from its illusory and dellusional understanding of their surroundings and reestablish themselves as constructive and creative part of humanity.

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

陈凯一语：Kai Chen's Words:

拼音不可能解决中文的“单音节”弊病。 而“单音节”本身是中文弊病的主要症结。

Pinyin can not solve the syllabic problem in Chinese language. The "single syllable issue" is among the fundamental problems in Chinese.

漢字，中國文化的禍害
Chinese Language: The Root of China's Despotism

作者： 唐肆啼

更新於︰2011-12-08

● 編者按：對漢字的評價及中國文字改革問題，早在五四時代就有過相當熱烈的討論。經過中共政權推動簡體字與漢語拼音六十年，來到電腦時代又有不少的爭議。本文是一位熟悉現代中文的西方人，經過長期觀察與體驗提出的意見，認為應該以拼音代替漢字。

　　中國的暴政政治文化傳統的最重要基礎是漢字。歐洲和中國兩千年前都是專政的帝國，歐洲能夠變成多個獨立國家，跟拉丁字母有關係。拉丁文是表音（拼音）文字寫法系統，適合表音各個歐洲語言，所以現在有意大利文、西班牙文、英文等等，而中國到目前為止沒有一個表音文字寫法系統。北方人還運氣好一些，因為所謂的普通話以北京話為基礎，但是福建人、上海人等等都沒有自己的文字，只能使用外省的語言表達自己。假如北京人開始用表音寫東西，福建人當然會要求用自己的文字寫東西，中國書面文化會像羅馬帝國解體，這是中國政府最怕的，但事實上未必是一件壞事，因為據很多中國人的說法，中國人太多，所以中國不能民主。

中國小孩過早規規矩矩坐著讀書

　　我最近邀請了很多中國朋友的小孩陪我小孩玩，多次被拒絕，理由是小孩太忙，沒空玩。我曾經考慮過讓自己小孩在中國學習。有一天寒冷的早晨，我去了東北一個幼兒園，大吃了一驚。因為才兩歲的小孩們乖乖的坐在凳子上不動，看上去很壓抑，不像幸福的小孩，這是我沒法想像的，在我老家英國的學校，二、三、四、五歲的小孩子都在活蹦亂跑，為甚麼中國的小孩那麼早就要乖乖的坐著不動？原來他們必須遭受中國漢字學習的折磨。

　　天朝的酷刑世界出名，有族誅、凌遲、極刑、梟令、斷手、刖足、去膝蓋、閹割、剝指、剁趾、抽腸、刷洗（沃以沸湯，以鐵刷刷去皮肉）、墨面、錫蛇遊、鏟頭會，纏足等等，好在都不執行了，但是中國還保持了漢字學習的精神酷刑。歐美的小孩要背二十六個字母就識字，可憐的中國小孩要背幾千個漢字，浪費太多他們寶貴童年的時間。

　　據研究，中國小孩學會看和寫字至少需要比英國小孩學英文多花一年時間。（不是北方小孩當然要更長時間）。 很多中國的小孩一點娛樂、體育時間都沒有，體力很差。最近香港媒體報導亞洲病人的故事：最近俄羅斯少年隊跟中國少年隊踢了一場足球比賽，雖然那些中國的小孩平均比俄羅斯小孩個子高一頭，但是還是以十五比零輸了。更可悲的是，只踢了四十分鐘，因為中方體育老師說中國隊員沒力氣踢九十分鐘的足球。有的父母跟我說中國小孩子不覺得學習漢字難，這就像文革時期中國人都說文革好，像裹腳的老太太說走路很方便一樣。還有中國人跟我說他們的孩子覺得英文更難學，這當然不是同類比較。

當局利用漢字鎮壓方言統一中國

　　最近中共耗資在各國大學建立孔子學院，鼓勵外國人學習漢字。本人也學了很多年漢字，我承認漢字很可愛，但是我認為過時了。被中國商機吸引的年輕外國人，有時候問我是不是應該學習漢字？我告訴他們，拿學習漢字的時間去學習體育，美術，電腦可能更值得。很多在華外國人選擇只學習漢語口語，因為沒有時間學習漢字，他們說學會漢語口語已經夠嗆。但是中國沒有出版漢語拼音的書，所以這些人就像中國的文盲，會說，不識字。為甚麼中國不出版一些漢語拼音的書？目前，連一個完整的漢語拼音詞典都沒有。

　　中國人以前不願意徹底取消漢字，是因為中國人的語言很多，講標準北京話的人很少，所以怕用拼音會導致文化解體和政治解體。漢字美麗、神秘，中國人甚至說學漢字讓中國人比外國人聰明！（而且對外國人來說，中國人有時候的確像漢字：複雜，神秘，富於過時的知識。）但是我相信主要的原因是為了鎮壓地方語言，統一中國。現在的小孩都用拼音寫字，雖然這個理由已經很虛弱了，但是大陸當局已經失去了五四運動的方向，目前好像提出繼續這種改革是被視為很極端的要求。

　　鴉片戰爭之前的明清時代，中國是全世界經濟、軍事、科技很發達的國家，後來歐洲超越了中國跟漢字有關係。活字印刷術是中國人發明的，但是笨重的漢字印刷機普及得很慢，而在歐洲，則迅速蔓延了整個大陸、歐洲人買書越來越便宜，這導致了文藝復興。假如清朝的中國具備了二十六個字母，也許現在的歐洲人要「留髮不留頭」。

漢字滯後了中國文明的發展

　　近代，為甚麼電腦的發展在美國，不在中國？電腦的基本程序是二十六個字母，編程語言也是英文，中國的編程員都需要學英語，難怪喬布斯不是中國人。也就是說，中國的漢字滯後了中國的文明，也滯後了中國的科技。

　　我開始學漢字時，沒有個人電腦或互聯網，我現在寫文章用Google智能拼音輸入漢字，我只要打一個字母，它就會給我完成的詞語。譬如說，我輸入ＮＨ，它給我寫「你好、女孩、男孩、內涵、你會、農戶」等九個選擇。當我想寫畫蛇添足的時候，我只需要輸入ＨＳＴＺ四個字母，它就給我提供這個成語。Google拼音讓我寫漢字輕鬆很多，因此我忘了用筆寫漢字。可惜中國政府從來沒有認真的推廣拼音，只是當拼音做為兒童學習漢字發音的一種標誌指引工具，中國人長大了以後會忘記拼音，但是現在年輕人都用拼音寫漢字。

　　我在大學學的是簡體字，中國大陸現在用的簡體字有一千多一點，這些字讓我學習漢字方便一些，但是用處很有限，因為我想看的書都是用繁體字寫的。譬如，楊繼繩描寫大饑荒的《墓碑》，趙達功和鍾祖康的雜文，我正在看的柴玲的《一心一意向自由》：這些都是禁書，都是在香港台灣用繁體字出版的。感謝中國有關部門禁書，中國書太多，如果他們不禁止某些書，我怎麼知道哪些書值得看？

　　因為香港、台灣堅持用繁體字，我和其他讀者最終還是要學習繁體字。對我來說，所有值得看的書在大陸都是被禁止的，只能在香港、台灣買書看，這些書沒有簡體字版本。Google繁體字搜索結果跟簡體字不一樣；簡體字方便了網絡審查。逼得現在很多網民用拼音寫敏感詞，因為中共不方便過濾拼音，他們用Ｄ字代表「黨」字，用ＴＭＤ代表他媽的......

外國人學漢字費時間代價太大

　　中國人經常忘記他們學的漢字。曾經有過中國朋友問我某個漢字怎麼寫，我大學的中文老師講課時有時也會忘記怎麼寫，當然，很多中國的勞動人畢業了以後慢慢的忘記漢字。我遇到過不少不會說普通話、不識字的中國人。我為自己學了二十九年中文以後，終於達到能夠看完某些中文書，而很有成就感。但是還是經常碰到看不懂的漢字，查字典不方變，有時候感覺學習漢語有點累，而且沒完沒了，也有時候感覺「跟漢字鬥，其樂無窮」。

　　有時候反而想，我學了二十九年還是半個文盲，有啥意義？但是我是否應該讓我的小孩花那麼多時間學習漢字，我很矛盾。作為一個熱愛中國文化的人，我當然希望我的孩子可以做我的「接班人」，跟著我學習漢語，享受博大精深的中外文化，接觸華人世界的朋友。但是我知道學習漢語的代價對她來說將是多大，我知道，如果她用這個時間做別的事，譬如說畫畫，鍛煉身體，唱歌，她可能是一個更幸福的小孩。

　　根據研究，跟歐美小孩比，學習漢字的孩子們的文化發展至少會被滯後一兩年，這個時間當然很寶貴，可以用於吸收更有用的學問。總的來說，我覺得外國人最好不要花時間去學習中文，中國的教育制度讓學生過於疲勞，不僅僅是因為小孩要死記硬背，不僅僅是因為是「填鴨式」教育，而是因為他們要學習一個活化石的文字寫法。再說，就算我小孩很熱愛中國，中國不愛她，不會認可她所付出的代價，她永遠屬於過客，一不小心就列入黑名單，來不了中國。

希望文字改革：拼音代替漢字

(Kai Chen's opinion: Pinyin can not solve the syllabic problem in Chinese language. The "single syllable issue" is among the fundamental problems in Chinese. 陈凯 按：拼音不可能解决中文的“单音节”弊病。 而“单音节”本身是中文弊病的主要症结。)

　　我當然知道很多人覺得中國的漢字是中國的精髓，我也承認中國的漢字很漂亮，簡明，能保持傳統和歷史，但是有得必有失，中國人希望中國現代化，對外開放，還是希望中國保持活化石特色？也許中國漢字是中國文化的精髓，但是難道一個文化不能演變？可惜，很多人認為魚與熊掌可兼得。

　　我希望大陸當局繼續文字改革，最好是用拼音代替漢字，大部分中國人覺得這樣不可行，但是我認為如果慢慢來是可以的，而且得過於失。除了讓中國的小孩子更快的學會自己的語言、大大減少中國文盲外，用拼音寫漢語可以讓外國人更容易學習中文和瞭解中國。

　　也許我作為外國人沒有資格管中國的文字改革，有人說我是文化帝國主義者，但是中國教育制度也是長期破壞類似閩南語小語種的文化。為什麼福建人沒有自己的文字？中國西部的某些少數民族曾經使用的是阿拉伯文，然後大陸當局堅持他們改用羅馬字母，因此他們與他們的文化、歷史和穆斯林世界隔離，但是這樣子的確使中國人更有利於交流，甲者也適用於乙者呢。己所不欲，勿施於人，反過來講......當然，自古以來，在多語言的中國，漢字有統一的作用，但是看完了《中國我們反思》以後，就發現了中國不統一的時候文化最繁榮。今日，國語普及的比較好，這個理由已經不存在了。

　　也有人說，「施氏食獅史」之類的詩，意音不清楚，不能取代漢字書面語的功能││以形表意，說明不能簡化成拼音，不然這篇文章就沒辦法看懂。但是這種情況畢竟不多，而且現在的中國人普通話說的越來越標準，所以看得懂拼音的人越來越多。

中文拼音會成為一種世界語言

(Kai Chen's opinion: Pinyin can not solve the syllabic problem in Chinese language. The "single syllable issue" is among the fundamental problems in Chinese. 陈凯 按：拼音不可能解决中文的“单音节”弊病。 而“单音节”本身是中文弊病的主要症结。)

　　我最近在台灣旅行了五天，那邊講的本地話有台語和客家話等方言，我聽不懂，好在台灣人都會說普通話，因為我沒有時間學中國的方言了；漢語已經夠讓我頭疼了，尤其是牢記學過的普通話。但是民進黨提出了一項語言改革，讓我喜出望外：取消漢字，引用拼音寫台語。我對於中國大陸有同樣的期待。

　　最近幾年中國政府已經投入了大量的資金在全球數百所高校建立孔子學院，鼓勵外國人學漢字，那麼他們何不把漢字簡化以讓我們更容易的掌握呢？

　　說到這，我幾乎能夠聽到中國讀者憤怒的抗議聲，甚至裡面也有一些思想開明的中國人，我可以理解他們，中國人又想現代化，想興國，又想保留五千年的文化，包括世界上最古老，最難學的文字，是自相矛盾的。中國有句老話；有得，必有失。換一句話，拉丁語很好聽，自古以來歐洲人寫拉丁語，你認為應該恢復拉丁語嗎？要是中國的留學生必須考拉丁語才可以出國留學，你會怎麼想呢？但是中國現在就是這樣，學習中文有點像考古一樣，需要很大的耐心，可以瞭解很多過去的歷史，但是不太適用。

　　現在，中國人大部分時間寫漢字用電腦和手機，不是筆和紙，而他們大部分用拼音，而不是五筆劃。年輕人都已經習慣了用拼音寫漢字，那為甚麼不能用漢字讀書？當然，以開始會有一些不習慣，畢竟有一些漢字的拼音不太確定，但是這個過程應該不會太長。再說，假如用拼音替代漢字，漢語拼音會比英文拼法更有規律。中國改革文字、拼音替代漢字將解放小孩的時間，吸引更多外國人來華留學中文，讓中文做為世界語言，加強中國軟實力。

　　中國有很多沒有文字的語言，譬如說吳語、閩南語等等，這些沒有自己的文字，主要是因為中國政府不鼓勵這種地方語言。中國的漢字屬於亞洲的文化，日本、韓國、朝鮮、越南都減少了漢字、或取消了漢字，中國的文字改革是最保守的（其實，英文的拼音不是最現代化的：意大利語和其他語言更好）。

　　今天，雖然電腦已經簡化了一些漢字的困惑，但是漢字還在滯後中國教育、文化、科技經濟的發展，所以我希望中國繼續簡化漢字，跟著越南、日本、韓國方向走，我希望中國的漢字恐龍的滅亡即將來臨！

汉语是一门低级语言

Comment by John Wu 1/3/2012

我们先从数字来说, 我们知道, 只用1234567890这十个数字就能表示从零到无穷大的整数​. 你想表示比十万多1的数,好办, 100001就能表示了. 如果加上小数点,还能表示从1到2之间的无限个小数. 如果加上-就能表示无穷小的数. ............全中国13亿人的电话号码都能用只用数​字而不用其他符号表示出来,而不会出现两个人同一个号码的情况.

计算机, 只用0和1就能显示出我们人类不能达到的很多功能. 这是为什么呢? 因为这是一种进制语言. 上面说的是十进制和二进制. 进制语言追求的是精确, 你要多大,他就能表示多大. 你要多小,他就能表示多小. 他在从小到大里可以很细致连续的表示出来.(请注意连续一个词,​实数就是连续的,有理数是不连续的.)

　　进制语言除了可以表达你所需要的任何数外,他还有无限扩充的​能力. 从整数扩充到小数和分数.从小数和分数再扩充到无理数,然后​扩充到实数,很多人以为实数以后就没有什么数了. 到高中时还有复数.以后还会扩充么? 肯定会.
　　
　　好了,回到英语,英语也是一种进制语言,采用的是26进制,​使用了26个符号(拉丁字母) 他们是有序列的,就像10个数字加上一些符号可以表达你所要大的​数,也能表达你所要小的数. 英语也一样,他能表达你所能看到的客观世界, 情感世界, 未知世界, 而且能像1.1 1.2 1.3 那样精确的表达一个从低到高,从大到小, 等不同程度的问题. 也就是说, 英语这门进制语言, 可以做到很精确的情况. 所以大部分科学技术都是使用进制语言的人发明的......

　　英语除了精确,也像数字一样可以无限扩充,这种扩充能力使人​想到即可做到. 发明创造就是基于这种特性. 比如三角形, 每个点的表示, 使用ABC. 说汉语的人就没有把三角形的三个顶点用汉语世界里的符号表示. 不能表示,知识就不能传递.

　　abc除了表示英语的语音外还可以表示世界任何一种物体.数​学公式, 物理公式,化学反应都能用26进制的abc表示.

　　在数字之外的客观世界,使用另外一套进制符号来表示, 这就是科学发展的基本条件.英语国家使用10进制的数字表示你所​能想到的数,使用26进制的字母表示你所能想到的任何事物. 这两种进制语言的结合,使英语达到一种想到就能做到的境界.

　　这就可以解释为什么资本主义和现代科学起源于西欧而不是中国​或其他文明.
　　
　　汉语呢? 汉语不是一门进制语言. 他没有基本的符号, 符号之间不能排序. 不能排序的语言就不能很好的表达从低到高,从大到小等不同程度的​问题.计算机不是中国人发明的就是一种必然, 而不是一种偶然.
　　
　　那么汉语有没有序列呢? 有, 甲乙丙丁戊己庚辛壬癸等天干,还有子丑寅卯辰巳午未申酉戌亥等表​示序列的地支. 这些汉字为中国历史的年份表达起到很大的作用, 然而, 因为他们不能表示足够大,也不能表示足够小,他们互相组合从甲子​到癸亥能精确的表示60年.之后有从甲子开始往复,因此就不能表​示精确的时间. 比如,我们看古典小说时会看到, "午时三刻."这样的表示时间的文字, 还会看到,古人在深夜时用三更半夜等词语. 那么表示比午时三刻多10秒钟的时刻怎么表示呢? 汉语不能表示. 直到阿拉伯数字引进中国才能表示.

　　甲乙丙丁戊己庚辛壬癸子丑寅卯辰巳午未申酉戌亥等这些汉字并​不是汉语的基本符号. 到现在汉语世界里还没有概括出一套有序列的基本符号来.

　　所以说汉语的人没有发明电, 没有发明声音的录制,没有发明视像的录制, 等等. 甚至圆珠笔,这个使中国人脱离毛笔大大方便书写交流的工具,都不​是中国人发明的.
　　
　　因此, 汉语的一个发展方向是要有一套可以排序的基本符号. 这对促进思维的发展有很大好处.

　　说英语是线性语言,汉语是非线性语言, 可能没有说到要害. 我们这样说, 英语是一门进制语言,而汉语是一门非进制语言. 进制语言是高级语言的一个特征, 而汉语不是进制语言,所以汉语是低级语言.

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

Trio of Tyranny in China
中国专制的三暴虐 - 文字，文化与政治

China's Despotism - From linguistic tyranny, to cultural tyranny, to governmental tyranny

“自由人”对抗“中国人”序列
"Free Beings" vs. "Chinese" Series
　　
　　- The trio of tyrannies and its horrific effect on the formation of Chinese slave mindset – a treatise and indictment on the Chinese dehumanization process - 　
　
By Kai Chen 陈凯 （Written 4/10/2006, Reprint 1/19/2012)
　　
　　As people puzzled over the persistence of the Chinese communist regime after the collapse of the communism as an ideology world wide, only a few saw the roots of the Chinese despotism. Many are not willing, some not able, others lacking courage to recognize the connection between the Chinese traditional culture and the current deplorable state of affairs in China. Almost all reject even the slightest suggestion that the Chinese character-based, syllabic language has something to do with the formation of Chinese mind-set which can only be properly coined “complete slavery and dehumanization of human beings”.
　　
　Some even suggest that preservation of a Confucian culture is paramount in reforming the Chinese society and curing the ills in the Chinese mind. To me this suggestion is tantamount to saying that solution to communist tyranny and dictatorship is the communist party, and the cure of AIDS is introducing more HIV virus. Some, with various motives and deep secret complex, come in a hurry to defend the indefensible cruel Chinese feudal culture. And they defend even with more vehemence than the despotic masters the origin of the Chinese tyranny – the character-based, syllabic Chinese language. The panic feels like as if someone is digging into their ancestors’ untouchable graves. It is as if someone is touching that “sacred cow” in their hearts. No matter how much they hate the Chinese communist party and its despotic regime, they are willing to defend the roots of it with their blood and lives. Sounds comically contradictory, doesn’t it? Some, even come with more hilarious accusation against those who point out the intrinsic and inseparable connection between the Chinese language and culture with the miserable human condition in China today, calling them “traitors of the Chinese race” and “harboring ulterior motives to demean the Chinese”, and “potential dictators in the future”….
　　
　　Their entire defense not only fails to exonerate the evil culture that has been created to destroy individuals, humanity and freedom, their preposterous accusation against those who see the evil shows exactly how their mind-set of cultural, linguistic and governmental slavery has been formed. That mind-set is the living proof of the existence of evil.
　　
　　The following is a treatise to detail the process of Chinese dehumanization of individuals through this “trio of tyranny” and an indictment against this evil origin of the complete alienation and enslavement of Chinese mind over their own existence.
　　
Chinese Linguistic Tyranny 中国文字语言的暴虐
　　
　　 (Since Chinese society is patriarchal in nature, I will use “man” and “he” in the composition of this essay. This is not to demean or ignore female human beings.)
　　
　　From the moment a Chinese toddler starts to put sounds and symbols together, he is handed a brush with ink as his writing tool. (Nowadays a pen or pencil is usually the case) He is presented with a paper with lines and usually a series of rectangle boxes with four evenly divided quadrants in each box. In front of him is a text of writing samples dated maybe hundreds of years back to his ancestors. He is told that his task of learning to write is first and foremost to mimic the perfect symmetry and forms in those pictorial images his ancestors left for him. During this process of repetition, copy, mimic of his ancestors’ leftover in his initial contact with human knowledge, his own dehumanization against his own individuality has formally begun.

　　He learns that creativity and initiatives are not important; conformity is. He learns that his own mind is not important; his ancestors’ legacy is. He learns that he as an individual is not important; competing with others to see who comes closer to the original forms left by his ancestors is. He learns that meaning and substance of the word is not important; the appearance - the formation, the image and the shell is. He is further confounded, yet not knowing consciously, with the fact that language is not a tool to comprehend and analyze phenomena to reach to reality, rather it is an artistic endeavor to please the eye, and the others. However, in this supposed artistic endeavor, he is not allowed to create and produce. He is forced to copy, to memorize, to follow… His two hemispheres of the brain are inundated with conflicting input of symbols and images. (We now know that all humans have the same structure in their brains – one hemisphere in charge of language, analysis, abstract thinking, logic, rationality.., and the other art, music, concrete images, creative impulses…) His analytical hemisphere is being force-fed with pictorial images, instead of abstract symbols, while his artistic hemisphere is starved with a strict and deliberate stifling of his instinct and impulse to create. In learning to write the Chinese characters, he is weaving and knitting an elaborate and intricate mesh to smother his own brain, to restrict his own initiatives, to deny his individual uniqueness.
　　
　　While humans are endowed by our creator to have a unique human quality to create, change and reform our surroundings and environment to serve our own purposes, as a distinctive quality from other creatures, the cruel and inhumane process of Chinese systematic stripping of this unique human quality has effectively taken place with their young, in the form of indoctrination of a confusing and crippling linguistic system. The very possibility of human creative spark is effectively eliminated. One does not have to snip the bud. The bud has never appeared for it has died long before it can ever manifest itself. The very mind of each distinct individual is thus insidiously being forced into a tiny rectangle box from which he will never be allowed to escape to return to his nature of free being.
　　
　　By the time he is taught to compose sentences, he is further stripped of concept of time by a lack of tense in the Chinese verbs. Though the adverbs are constantly put in to modify the verbs, he has been reduced to never have had a strong sense of sequential events according to time. As his study of Chinese language progresses, he has found that he lacks a distinction between individual and collective, for in Chinese verbs there is no such differentiation of plural and singular. “People” can be viewed as something like an inseparable entity while an individual’s uniqueness is severely diminished. Last time I checked, a fascist view of collective as a living entity has the same connotation. He further learns that in pronunciation of chinese third personnel, there is no distinction between genders and between humans and animals or between humans and a rock. The dehumanization process is deepening.
　　
　　He finds that he cannot read and write to communicate till he is six or seven years old, with barely enough storage of Chinese characters laden with pictorial images, memorized through repetition in his analytical hemisphere of the brain. He is forever crippled in coming up with new abstract ideas.
　　
　　As he goes further in his study of his ancestors’ leftovers/feces, he finds that he is strictly forbidden from creating any new Chinese character by himself. All 50,000 Chinese characters are all he can copy and use in his understanding of his world of reality, though only about 5,000 in normal usage. By definition, all human knowledge on earth has stopped within the confinement of these 50,000 some Chinese characters. He can only try to manipulate, combine the existing characters to describe what he sees, not to invent new concepts. Thus the primary function of Chinese language is to describe, not to prescribe, is to inherit, not to expand, is to please, not to pursue, is to control, not to discover, is to possess, not to enjoy. the alienation is thus thorough and complete – the tool has become the master to be served with total devotion of chinese human lives. The creators of the language have become the slaves of the same language.
　　
　　With the rigid and stagnant Chinese language in place and in charge, humans are not here to create; they are only here to procreate. Humans are not individuals with indivisible integrity, dignity and uniqueness; humans are only an indistinguishable blob of flesh and blood of fleeting images, banded together by a tiny rectangle box to experience excruciating pain and suffering, much like a contortionist. Conclusion: The Chinese language is an inhuman and inhumane language which only facilitates a perverse dehumanization process among the Chinese masses/population.
　　
　　In sharp contrast, English, as a multi-syllable, alphabetic language, takes the premise that humans are free and unique beings. Language is their tool to serve their lives’ purpose, not their master to dominate and control their existence. With English language, children as early as three years old can read and write and communicate effectively with their peers. The abstract, alphabetic symbols of the language – the letters can be easily and freely assembled and dissembled and resembled to create new words that represent new discoveries and new concepts. They are designed to be abstract to input information into human brain’s abstract hemisphere. and the meaning of the word and compositions, not calligraphy, is the most important aspect of learning such a language. With this language, humans are allowed to be humans – free, creative and exploratative. With the way human brain is hardwired, there is no doubt that English language (alphabetic and multi-syllable) is a human and humane language.
　　　　
　Chinese Cultural Tyranny 中国专制文化的暴虐
　　
　　From the moment a spark of consciousness starts to flicker, a Chinese youth witnesses at first hand, how humans treat each other and how he is treated by these humans around him. Another dimension of Chinese dehumanization process is taking place in his perception of reality – a cultural tyranny starts to dominate his life.
　　
　　When the infant starts to observe his surroundings and tries to make sense out of them, the first thing that enters his mind is the fearsome hierarchy everyone carefully follows and obeys. In this invisible hierarchy, everyone’s identity is predetermined by his birth and gender. He discovers that one cannot open his mouth unless he does so according to the echelon he occupies in this hierarchy. He has to find out how old he is, how much money he makes, what connections his family has in relations with this classification of superiority and inferiority. He has to know his gender stratification, male as always being on top of female. He has to know every title and name in the generation differentiation and address his peers by proper titles and names. He has to know exactly all of these before he can open his mouth.
　　
　　He is conditioned to know that the highest echelon in the hierarchy is the ubiquitous officialdom in the government, and the highest judicial judge in morals and all affairs affecting him is the highest official in this government – the emperor, chairman, president. He now knows that the God in his life is China itself – a nation with a border, a population with the same racial and ethnic features, a way to behave and think – never disturbing the existing order. China is the combination of all the desirable values in his life. He will be dedicating his entire life to this invisible God.
　　
　　As he continues to grow up and further immerses himself in the Chinese literature, cultural habits and order of things, he finds that he himself as a person gradually dissolved and disappeared in the cultural soup everyone is stirring to cook into a shapeless entity. Everyone starts to behave in the same manner according to this invisible hierarchy, and no one is distinct and unique by himself. For the first time, he tastes the fearsome power of his cultural environment. That faceless everyone is called Big Family which he is obligated to preserve and please. Everyone seems to want to please everyone else and no one however, wants to initiate anything. Passivity is the order of the day and fate is everyone’s master. Learning to patiently live with desperation and helplessness is a must if he wants to survive. And it even becomes an art. He starts to cheat, lie, manipulate, intimidate, pretend… Anything he does is alright so long as he is to preserve and please the big family. Saving face is the biggest concern for everyone, from top down. The Big Family and the government that represents it has become his overlord and his entire individual worth is to be judged by only it.
　　
　　He practices hard to write beautiful calligraphy, for he knows without the beautiful and unobtrusive appearance, everything else is meaningless. One will have hard time climbing the social ladder if one’s calligraphy is no good. The more he self-effacing his own being, the more likely he will climb high. He learns to entertain himself by practicing Chinese violin, but finds that the bow is stuck between the strings and he can only play one string at a time. The music that comes out of the instrument always bears a sad, lonely, helpless tone he can never escape. He picks a brush to paint a picture, but finds that only water color is available. The painting comes out will always be smeared and blurred. The human image that comes out of the water color has no spirit, no deep feelings, no facial expressions, and no passion (not to mention there is no shades and no one know where the light comes from). Even this dubious representation of humans on paper cannot last long. The water color always fades over time. A blurred image of reality for others to guess and feel is the standard of art.
　　
　　He is frustrated, trying to find and etch a permanent mark for himself in the history of China. He starts to read the Chinese classic literatures, for in there he can find all kinds of intrigues, plots, manipulation of emotions, pretentious grace.., widely applied in the chinese officialdom. He attends school to memorize and mimic all the tactics and tricks to use, abuse and manipulate others humans so he can climb over their corpses to advance in this hierarchy. He learns how to mesmerize his victims by pretending to be their savior, making them believe they are all victims of others. Like a king cobra, he wants to desensitize and distract his prey by letting them focus on his beautiful and symmetrical markings, the carefully planned, mesmerizing movements, the ingenious camouflage, and the speedy and powerful strikes. He does not want others to know his nature. He is doing everything to hide it. He has learned all these through the books he has read and observation he has made and he is well versed in all of them. None of the education process has focused on the nature, the essence, and the substance of things and phenomena. No moral judgment has ever been rendered. So he is not about to start to attract others’ attention on his deadliness and his poisonous-ness. He has become the master of all his ancestors’ teachings. His only goal: to acquire power as much as he can. The more power he has, the more he is close to the omnipotent and arbitrary head of the big family, and the more he approaches God/being God.
　　
　　However, he is very unhappy and insecure, for every step up he climbs, he is losing something - something he could not describe and may never recover. But he somehow senses that something is essential for his fulfillment and happiness. He becomes more and more drained and emptied, but the urge to climb even higher is so great that he cannot stop. It is just like, no, it is exactly like a narcotic addiction. The more you have, the more you want to have, even knowing it is killing your organs, killing your humanity. He now is in the deep grip of a powerful, enticing presence he can never escape without help from outside/divine forces.
　　
　　But the outside help never comes. All the cultural narcotic addicts never admit they are addicts. He is no exception. His mental health starts to deteriorate. He can not distinguish right from wrong, illusions from reality, truth from falsehood, what is good for him from what is harmful…. Yet he continues the path of climbing toward that illusive peak in the officialdom, knocking down adversaries ruthlessly with no mercy. He never feels safe, for everyone else is doing just the same. He is exhausted but he dares not to stop or relax. Momentary reflection of himself scares the hell out of him, for he does not have guts to admit how deep and how far he has embarked on this road of self-destruction. And he knows it is all his making. and relentlessly, the atrocious/miserable/meaningless end is coming.
　　
　　One day, a more ruthless and poisonous adversary knocks him off the ladder of officialdom. He falls and ready to give up and die. Before he dies, he curses the enemy; he curses back luck; he curses fate; he curses all others. He even curses the system for failing him, not knowing or admitting he is exactly the essential part of it, the foundation of it. His only lesson from all this is: (and he will tell all his children about it) next time, if there is ever going to be one, I will be more ruthless, poisonous and deadly. In the process of victimizing each other, everyone becomes inescapably victimized. The cycle of men-eating-men is thus completed.
　　
　　Such is a soulless life’s story. Such is a loveless life. Such is a joyless existence. Such is a zombie’s journey. Such is a definition of evil and corruption. Such is the portrait of a Chinese cultural slave - a Eunuslawhore (eunuch, slave, prostitute).
　　
　　Contrast distinctly from this cycle of dehumanization, Christian ethics stresses exactly the opposite of this men-eating. It preaches that every individual human being is an entirely unique universe, a beginning and end in himself. He is not to be used, abused and abandoned as some used-up tools by others, no matter how many they are in quantity. In short, he is not to be a mean to an end, but an end in itself. Because of such an inalienable and inseparable nature of the entity, he is endowed by god to have rights and freedom; therefore, he has the possibility to be happy and joyful. No one, no matter how powerful he is as in the case of a government, should be morally justified to define such a being. He is indeed a sacred creation and only god can design him and make possible for him to discover that sacred design. Bias, prejudice, power for the sake of control and self-degradation are detested in such an ethics and culture. Dignity and respect are coined to depict such a being as unique and irreplaceable. Nothing can be ever justified without his own individual consent, for only he knows his own values and worth. Group and government oppression is viewed as the embodiment of evil. Servitude and slavery is as insidiously detrimental to human mental and spiritual health as viruses and narcotic addiction. Equality among humans is a natural extension in the very fact that each and every one of individuals must ultimately face god and himself, not others and governments. Conscience and spiritual integrity is established in such a cultural environment. Self-direction rather than others-direction becomes the orientation of such moral being. Creativity and productivity, Not robbing, begging, cheating and stealing, flows like fountainhead, nourishing a new generation of such free beings. Values are constantly produced and nothingness inevitably sneered and discarded.
　　
　　Such is a human ethics. Such is a human culture. Such will be the humanity's future.
　　　
Tyranny of Chinese Political Institutions 中国古今政体的暴虐　
　
　　When a crippled Chinese adult, mentally and spiritually ill-equipped, enters into the political arena characterized by the omnipresent Chinese officialdom, he painfully discovers that he is further trapped and demeaned by the very institutions his ancestors left to control him. He is viewed as nothing more than a cog on an enormous grinder aimed to mix truth with falsehood, right with wrong, black with white, existence with nothingness. Every ounce of everyone’s individual energy is absorbed and usurped to contribute to the speed of the spinning machine. In the cultural soup it produces, nothing is distinct and unique and nothing can be used as values, particles and concrete foundation to build anything. The only function of such a political machine is to drown everyone with this toxic cultural soup and make him a part of its ingredient to kill still many others.
　　
　　Fostered and boosted by the linguistic tyranny and cultural tyranny, the political machine his ancestors created and left for him is a ferocious and insatiable beast of destruction.
　　
　　As his maturing consciousness starts to question his own being in his political surroundings, he finds that no one is in charge and henceforth no one is able to change this political environment. Everyone is only operating in it, much like everyone is using the same Chinese characters to write. No one is able to create anything in this political environment, much like no one is able or supposed to create any Chinese character by himself. He is trapped. He further finds that in this political culture, government precedes people. Government is viewed to have existed even before humans appear on earth. Government authority comes from the mysterious “heaven” and it has nothing to do with human beings. So the emperors have all been called “sons of heaven” and everyone who dares to question this order and authority is doomed to “hell” and eternal ostracism.
　　
　　Thus, the government has always been viewed as parents, and the masses under it have always been viewed as some infantile children in need of care. Government officials are endowed with titles such as “parental officials” and the people “children people”. A person is born not free, but underneath this parental government and the power it wields. Any limited freedom is freedom in a cage, and freedom to obey and conform, for he is reared and raised by the government and the emperors. He has been taught that when the big river has water, the small creeks will flow. Even God in heaven is with a title “jade emperor”. It is the emperor that gives people their clothes and food. It is the nation and government that give people their livelihood and meaning of life.
　　
　　He has read from all the literature that his ancestors have left that all heroes in Chinese history are “nation loving” heroes. All immortals he ever worships are ancestral officials in the emperors’ court. Everything that has any values in China is tied with officialdom. Government and officialdom is not only he depends on for his livelihood, but he depends on for his meaning of life. All the educational institutions have one aim – to produce “nation loving” and “emperor loving” officials in the echelon of governmental hierarchy. The higher he climbs in the official ladder, the more power he acquires and hence the more meaning in life he has. Thus, he stops/kills all his other interests and endeavors and focuses only on one thing – joining officialdom to climb the ladder.
　　
　　In the process of climbing the ladder, he learns further from his ancestors and the knowledge they have left via those rectangle boxes written in those thread-bond books all the official tricks, plots, deceits, maneuvers, manipulations. He is well versed in the spirit all these books and the ultimate message they espouse – “the end always justify the means”. So long as he is for others and for the helpless masses, all his excessive tactics and murderous methods are thoroughly justified. His only slogans in his heart are “loyal to the emperors, loyal to the nation/party-dynasty, loyal to the ancestors and all the language, institutions, culture they have left to him.”
　　
　　He has learned that the most effective method of controlling the masses with their infantile and meaningless existence is to hold their loved ones, their family, and anything including their own profession they love, hostage. If one offends the order of the court, the entire family suffers, the generations related to the person in anyway suffers. No one is responsible for himself anyway, so everyone else around him must be responsible. Here is the most effective weapon in his arsenal, among others like confusion, fatalism, superstition, jealousy, denial, blindness to truth… Though he himself is subjected to the same control mechanism, he is nonetheless enthusiastically enforcing the order using these means, for the illusion is the higher one climbs, the freer one becomes.
　　
　　Not only family is used to be the hostage in this scheme of things, family is used as the very control mechanism to subdue everyone in it. Family has become the very basic unit of the government, to serve the government. The very word “nation” (Guo, Jia 国家) in Chinese is simply composed with two characters – nation and family. The saint of all Chinese – Confucius has long deemed the Chinese moral order to be inviolable – “emperor to subordinates, father to sons”. The bigger the government, the better, and since family has become the basic unit of the government, the entire society does not only belong to the government, it is indeed the government itself. Separation of government and society has never existed in China. Any political order in China is only the extension of personal order of the individual and his identity. An ingenious design it is indeed, by the ancestral saint-the Confucius.
　　
　　In the later years of China's modern history, Mao only further inherited/enhanced this very Chinese tradition of building the entire China into a giant prison, in which everyone can be potential a spy to report on others to the authority, particular within the family. So why build prisons to hold those unruly scoundrels like in the USSR under Stalin? Instead, the chinese under mao have followed our ancestors under emperors and confucius: They make the entire society governmental, and make the entire population prisoners of their own family, or their own relations with others. Yes indeed this is exactly what has happened during the notorious cultural revolution. The poison has seeped through every pore of the society and the corruption via total surrender by the individuals is thorough and complete.
　　
　　America represents the exact opposite of the Chinese experience: It is based on individual freedom with a solid foundation in Christian faith; therefore each and every individual is fully aware of his or her responsibility to his own conscience and action. Its political institutions are established on the premise of human fallibility and subsequent potential abuse by government and majority. Separation of power, checks and balances within the political power structure, a constitutional base to limit government and guaranty individual rights, federalism to ensure a bottom-up direction from individual sovereignty to local autonomy to limited federal government.., all are the healthy and necessary institutions aimed at expanding individual freedom. Government is contracted to serve people’s purposes, not the other way around – people are subdued to serve the government. Legitimacy, transparency and openness are understood to be the concern of all the individual citizens in their eternal vigilance to guard their liberty and rights against tyranny. American political institutions are human institutions for human interests, freedom and happiness.
　　
　　Conclusion 结论
　　
　　Over two thousand years ago on this land that humans inhabited, a divergence of humanity began to emerge. In the East over the vast land of Asia, a process of dehumanization started with the unification by an emperor with his swords, bloodshed, and oppressive force over the population on his domain. Through the intrinsic defects of its own language, the facilitation of eunuch official intellectuals, and the state power, human beings had become the subjects and slaves of their own creation. They have been terrorized by the very alienation they created ever since and become deformed humans with twisted mind-set. A stagnant and vicious circular course of history has been the order even today.
　　
　　About the same period over on the other side of the planet, a quiet and powerful revolution to recognize and confirm humanity also began to take shape, championed not by someone with swords, but by a mild-mannered man dressed in rags who never held any official position. A new kind of values was being preached upon the population and into the very soul of humans – truth, liberty, equality, individuality, fraternity, tolerance, creativity… Through the sparks he has ignited, a torch has been lit to light up the course of human history. History would never be a circle to trap humans with their corpses and misery. History started to advance toward life, freedom and joy. Humans are no longer the slaves of their own creations. They have become their own masters over their own language, their own culture and their own political institutions. A liberation of the human souls has enables them to advance through darkness toward better and better future. America is the epitome of this very advancement.
　　
　　In the West, human beings continue to advance along the line of liberty for humanity. in the East, human beings continue to be trapped by the tyranny of their own culture and government. They are nothing but slaves of their own cultural conditioning and tools of the despotic state they have created and passively obeyed. The gap is gigantic.
　　
　　In view and analysis of what has impeded Chinese society from entering modern history and join the community of free nations, I am confident that these three mountains – the three tyrannies that have oppressed the Chinese people without them knowing the nature of the tyrannies, must be removed before any healthy human institutions can be developed. The dehumanization process via these three tyrannies must be stopped and destroyed. Human beings must be returned to their original form intended by their creator – free, full of life, joyful and creative, the masters of their own environment, their own language, their own culture, their own political institutions, their own fate, their own future. The thorough and complete alienation of individual human beings to their creations must be reversed. The vicious dynastic cycles must be reviled, condemned and eliminated. a society of individual human beings, by individual human beings, for individual human beings must be finally realized. China must join the post-historical America by emulating its examples to release the tremendous energy of human creativity and productivity of its own citizens. Let’s start to remove the three mountains and the tyranny they have imposed on the Chinese people for thousands of years. Let's start this process from ourselves as free and responsible individuals.

陈凯博客： www.kaichenblog.blogspot.com

中国的汉字本质上只是一种巫术
Chinese Characters are Witchcraft

第一哲学

(2010-02-02 12:56:13)转载▼标签： 汉字文字教祖宗崇拜人治法治上帝契约宗教信仰杂谈

【测字、道教符咒至今还是信仰】

从祖宗崇拜到“文字崇拜”：中国社会的祸根

——只有改造汉字，才能改造中国（二）

1、“祖宗崇拜”与“文字崇拜”的关系

中国有“祖宗崇拜”，这是大家都知道的。然而，对中国有“文字崇拜”，很多人并不清楚。因为前者是至今仍然可以观察到的社会现实，而后者需要进行一定的学理分析，方可领会。

那么，“祖宗崇拜”与“文字崇拜”，谁先谁后？我认为，“文字崇拜”在先，“祖宗崇拜”在后。但是，“祖宗崇拜”一旦形成，它就与“文字崇拜”狼狈为奸了，以致二者互为表里。“祖宗崇拜”不断地强化“文字崇拜”，最后形成中国独有的“文字教”。而中国历代愈演愈烈的“文字狱”，则是“文字教”的必然结果。中国传统文化的主干——孔儒学说，就是例证。

孔子是“文字狱”的创始人！或者说，孔子为后世的“文字狱”早已埋下伏笔。“为尊者讳，为亲者讳，为贤者讳”——此语出自《春秋公羊传•闵公元年》，这是孔子编纂删定《春秋》时的原则和态度。

2、“祖宗崇拜”祸害无穷

中国的“祖宗崇拜”历史悠久，可以上溯至传说中的尧舜禹时代。“祖宗崇拜”，是古代中国人背离世界的开始，也是中国人主动抛弃上帝信仰的开始。需要知道的是，4000多年前的尧舜禹时代也是人类共同的大洪水时代的末期。那个时候的世界，地球人之间的紧密联系程度，也许比我们所能想象的还要高很多。很可能的一件事是：人们共享一种古老的语言，而且大家都信奉“上帝”。

然而，由于地理条件、人种等非常复杂的原因，古代中国从尧舜禹时代开始，就逐渐地脱离了“西方”。当腓尼基字母畅行欧亚大陆的时候，中国正在发展自己的象形文字系统。而“祖宗崇拜”又与中国文字的起源与定型密切相关。中国王朝历史的起点夏、商、周，成就中国几千年的社会、政治、经济、文化面貌，至今仍无根本改变。例如，夏朝一开始就奠定了“家天下”的国家形态。而文字从最初的符号变成甲骨文这种相当成熟的样子，是在商朝。而中国人的家族宗法伦理体系，则形成于周朝。自周以后，中国人本质上是不信教的。因为“祖宗崇拜”的左右力量实在大得惊人！至少从这个意义上说，孔子的确是一个蠢货。

要说清楚这几个问题，需要大量的史实论证，这是本博今后几篇文章的事情，这里只谈“祖宗崇拜”对中国社会产生的祸害。实际上，关于这一点，我在以前的文章《中国人穷得只剩下“家”了》中已有初步说明，这里再概述一次。

在政治上，“祖宗崇拜”导致“家天下”。在经济上，“祖宗崇拜”导致中国只有家族企业——所谓“国有企业”不过是它的变种。在产权上，“祖宗崇拜”导致产权的死亡，而无法进入契约状态。我们应该知道，产权只有在不断变化的契约状态之中才是活动的。在文化上，“祖宗崇拜”导致知识无法传承，例如“中医”的经验知识就是一门难以传承的地方性、个人性的知识。在伦理上，“祖宗崇拜”导致了中国人在普世伦理上的缺失。等等等等。至今，整个中国社会仍然被这种“祖宗崇拜”下的家族势力所控制。

而所谓“祖宗崇拜”决非“忠孝文化”那么简单，其背后是中国人对于普世伦理的漠视。在现代社会，很多人也许并不怎么“孝敬”父母了，然而，“祖宗崇拜”仍然是生效的。因为无论后代如何不孝，父母都会穷其一生地为后代积累资产，所以，后代即使不孝，中国的父母们也不会将自己的积累奉献给社会。这就是“祖宗崇拜”在现实生活中的支配性。因为，它是所有中国人最初的历史记忆。而这个记忆又与中国人的“文字崇拜”紧密相关。

3、“文字崇拜”：中国的汉字本质上只是一种巫术

中国文字是中国文化的核心密码。因为中国文字体现了古代中国文明之初的原始宗教信仰。在这一点上，与西方迥然相异。西方的字母的形成，源自世俗生活的需要，它们在形体上与宗教信仰无关，而只是工具性的符号，以组成句子，再以句子记录生活。

因此，洪堡特把西方拼音文字称为“语言的文字”，把中国的表意文字称为“思想的文字”。他认为“图像文字”的“汉字已经成为汉语自身的一个内在的成分”，“汉字乃汉语一个实质的成分。中国人要省察语言的一般问题时，是必须扣紧汉字问题的。我认为，要把汉字改为字母文字，几乎是不可能的事。”

甲骨文是以卜辞的形式出现的。这说明，中国文字是对宗教信仰的替代。我们都知道，中国缺乏比较系统化的神话。而神话是一个民族创造欲望与创造意识的体现。对于文字的崇拜，使得中国的先民们个性不能充分地张扬，创造意识与想象力受到压抑。为什么仓颉造字的时候“天雨粟，鬼夜哭”？因为从此“诈伪萌生”。而其根源是：文字出现之后，天人之际也就是神人之际，从此告别了“人人沟通时代”，而走向了“独断沟通时代”。（参见，马新、齐涛：《中国远古社会史论》）天人之际的沟通逐渐被巫觋阶层所垄断了。而这些巫觋阶层，最后往往都成了古代中国成千上万的小国的首领。

中国早期宗教体系的形成主要体现在萨满式宗教观的建立上。张光直认为，“中国古代文明是所谓萨满式的文明。”他说：“中国古代的萨满是从什么时候开始有的，我们还不清楚，但至少在仰韶时代我们已有巫师的具体迹象了。”萨满式宗教的主要基点是把世界划分为天地神人等不同的层次，只有巫觋能从中沟通。中国萨满式的宗教体系成为以后中国传统道教以及其他民间宗教信仰的基本源头。

汉字在形成上的特点，跟西方的几乎相反。西方的表音文字一开始是以古埃及字母的形式出现的。接着，在原有的各种文字、字母的基础上，擅长商业的腓尼基人发明了22个让整个古代世界受益的字母。无论古埃及字母，还是腓尼基字母，它们都排除了作为生活工具的文字在使用上的垄断性。古埃及象形文字曾经被控制在祭祀或书吏阶层手中，结果，迫使下层的“文盲”贫苦百姓不得不发明自己的文字，于是古埃及字母出现了。腓尼基字母的发明也是基于同样的道理：为了生存，为了生意，为了契约。

所以，我在上一篇文章中就已经指出：“上帝”并非仅仅是宗教信仰，他更是一种人类文明出现之初的精神立法，是不同人群应当共同遵守的契约。西方人的所谓“原罪”观，说到底就是一种对于守信精神的强调。“上帝面前人人平等”，实质上就是“法律面前人人平等”、“合同就是法律”的表现。而中国的象形文字，还有世界其他的象形文字，则是一种精神垄断，它无法体现人人平等。所以，著名语言学家王力认为：西方语言是“法治”的语言，中国语言是“人治”的语言。

4、“汉字世界最美”是个大忽悠

去年10月份，我在云南丽江的一个景点遇到了一位“东巴”（纳西族对其社会中少数知识分子的敬称），他赠给我一个字条，汉字是“祝全家平安幸福”，背面是东巴文（纳西族的象形文字，其历史可能比甲骨文还悠久）。这位有学问的“东巴”曾经与费孝通长谈过本民族的文化，以致后者叹息我国对东巴文化重视远远不够，他告诉我，汉字的“幸福”很不合理，而东巴文的“幸福”是这样的象形文字：一颗通畅的心脏，一个笑开的嘴巴。

这个真实的故事告诉我们：文字只是文字，在不同的象形文字之中，也许不应该区分什么“谁丑谁美”。还是世界著名语言学家索绪尔说得好：“语言有一种独立于文字的口述传统。”可惜的是，以此标准，中国人似乎没有语言传统，而只有几千年不变的文字传统。他认为，“文字本质上外在于语言的内在系统”。“文字掩盖了语言的外观，它不是一件外衣，而是一种伪装。”“言语与文字是两种不同的符号系统；再现前者是后者存在的惟一理由”。

至少在文字与语言的关系上看，我赞同余世存认为中国人是“类人孩”的看法。由于中国人的“文字崇拜”，中国人至今心智未开。由于鼓吹“汉字世界最美”而受到较多学术批评的申小龙教授认为，“汉语的句子思维不是焦点透视方法，而是采用散点透视方法，形成独特的流水句的格局”。对此，新西兰哲学教授孔宪中认为，假如汉语是“流水句的格局”，“那我自己身为中国人会觉得很耻辱，因为流水格局是单纯的”。孔宪中认为，这种格局五到十岁的孩子都会。（参见，申小龙：《汉语与中国文化》）

对于象形文字与汉字的缺点，西方大哲多有论述。例如卢梭在《语言起源论》中写道：“描画物体适合于野蛮民族；使用字句式的符号适合于原始民族；使用字母适合于文明民族。”“这三种书写方式与人类据此组成民族的三种不同状态完全对应。”

黑格尔说过：“一种语言，假如它具有丰富的逻辑词汇，即对思维规定本身有专门的词汇，那就是它的优点；……中国语言的成就，据说还简直没有，或很少达到这种地步。”“中华民族的象形文字仅仅适合对这个民族的精神文化进行诠释。此文，这种文字是为一个民族的极少数人、为那些占领精神文化的专门领域的人保留的。”

黑格尔认为，拼音文字是精神的文字，是对其他文字尤其是象形文字的扬弃。莱布尼茨赞扬过非表音文字，他曾说聋哑人可以运用这种文字。黑格尔并不赞同他的观点。不过，他认为非表音文字可以成为一种辅助：“阅读象形文字就自为地成了聋子的阅读和哑巴的书写。”

当然，也有不少人为汉字鸣冤叫屈。例如当代著名哲学家德里达在《论文字学》中大力抨击表音文字的“逻各斯中心主义”、“西方中心主义”，而主张汉字拯救世界。关于这一点，本博以后再予论述。我认为，德里达是为了“解构”而“解构”，他的观点是错误的。

我认同五四时期那批有识之士的见解。可惜，现在的人们的学问大多数不如那个时候。他们的声音振聋发聩，遗憾的是他们现在都成了耳边风。在吴稚晖主张取消汉字之后，钱玄同高喊：“欲废孔学，不可不先废汉文；欲驱除一般人之幼稚的、野蛮的、顽固的思想，尤不可不先废汉文。”鲁迅说：“方块汉字真是愚民政策的利器”，“汉字也是中国劳苦大众身上的一个结核，病菌都潜伏在里面，倘不首先除去它，结果只有自己死。”瞿秋白说：“汉字真正是世界上最龌龊、最混蛋的中世纪茅坑。”傅斯年说：“中国文字的起源是极野蛮，形状是极奇异，认识是极不便，应用是极不经济，真是又笨、又粗、牛鬼蛇神的文字，真是天下第一不方便的器具。”

5、绝大多数中国人并不“认识”汉字

“认识”汉字，不能糊涂。汉字的秘密，在于中国的远古历史。只要看到了历史的真相，汉字就可以剥掉所谓的“神秘”色彩。这样，汉字就不可能成为一种人们崇拜、敬畏或恐惧的对象。如此，“文字狱”才会退出历史舞台。从而，打开当今中国言论自由的社会格局。

台湾学者龚鹏程在《文化符号学：中国社会的肌理与文化法则》一书的序言中写道：“谈中国传统文化与社会，谁都明白儒道释三教乃其骨干，脱离三教而论之，便成蹈虚。但仅说三教，其实仍是不够的。虽然当今之世，求能通晓三教者，殆已难觅其人。然三教之外，中国却还有两大传统是不能不予掌握的，那是什么呢？一是文，二是侠。文是由文字崇拜、文人阶层、文学艺术等所形成之相关文化状况；侠是由侠客崇拜而造就的社会肌理。不知此，即不能体会中国人的行动、思维与感情，亦不能切察中国社会之底蕴。犹如不知武士之历史、阶层及精神就不可能了解日本；仅知基督教而不知骑士制度与传统，即不能深入欧洲的文化那样。欲明中国，须知五教：儒、道、释、文、侠。”

龚鹏程认为：“在哲学方面，我认为中国的思考，系以字为单位；解释字，乃我国哲学的主要方法与基本形态。而这一点，却与西方大异其趣。西洋哲学，是以分析句子为主的。”他说：“中国人特有的道教，事实上正是一种文字教。……与道教灵宝派所谓“无文不光，无文不明，无文不立，无文不成，无文不度，无文不生命”相似，文字被视为一切生成变化的枢纽与力量。故书写文章，可以同时是一种文学活动，也是宗教行为。”

我对龚鹏程的“文字教”一说深表认同，但是，对其赞美汉字以及“和稀泥”的做法则不以为然。龚鹏程认为，“五教关系不是分立的，彼此参互交摄，文在其中。文极重要，却最难理解。”实际上，“文字教”在先，而且可能领先几千年。而“五教”的其它“四教”：儒、道、释、侠，都是作秀的门面。因为主宰中国人精神的里子，是“文字教”带来的诚惶诚恐。而要真正看清楚这一点并不难。因为中国人的信仰几千年没有任何变化——那就是：没有信仰！

“文字教”遮蔽了语言！没有共同语言，何来契约，又何来信仰？

让我们继续走进历史的深处……

（后面将要论述的是：中国人为什么会有祖宗崇拜？作为中国人的精神符号的汉字，为什么是如此鸟样？文字崇拜与祖宗崇拜的深层次关系，尤其是，古代中国人为什么主动“抛弃”西方，等等。）