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“国歌”安. 兰德著，陈凯译 "Anthem" Translation by Kai Chen

in 陈凯论坛 Kai Chen Forum 不自由，毋宁死! Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death! Fri Sep 30, 2011 3:56 pm
by fountainheadkc • 1.401 Posts





《国歌》译者序
Translator's Forewords

作者:陈凯 by Kai Chen
2006-04-02 16:55:45

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1989年5月的一天，当我在天安门广场上抗议示威的人潮中听着人们用国歌－－中华人民共和国的国歌去激励他们争取民主的斗志的时候，我不禁慨然自叹了。

有什么能比这情景更自我嘲弄和自我讽刺的了呢？在一个没有个体概念的文化环境中，人们拿什么去争取民主呢？用一个压迫个体的整体去代替另一个压迫个体的整体吗？“爱国”，去爱一个压迫个人，压迫自身的国家吗？有人半开玩笑的说出了真情：“毛泽东每次用95%的人去整剩下的5％的人，把中国人整了一遍。”“我是为人民服务的，又不是为你服务的”论调在中国到处可闻。“又不是我一个人”和“我一个人有什么用”成了中国几乎每一个人推卸责任与为所欲为的借口。在天安门惨案后的今天，海内外的中国人和关心中国的所有人们都认识到中国应该变。但用什么去变？变向何处？改革的意义在哪？民主的原则又是什么？是用理性之剑去澄清黄河之水，让它为人造福还是再用混浊的感性之泥去给那已经腐朽不堪的黄河之堤修修补补呢？希特勒的国家社会主义，邓小平的中国式现代化，以及中国与世界历代专制者的共同点在哪里呢？

中国人正在选择与拒绝选择的叉路口上：是要以团体为本位的控制型的政治结构，还是要以个体为本位的参与型的政治结构；是要一种个人通过对团体的专权向他人索取的文化心态，还是要一种个人通过对自身的发掘向人类奉献的文化心态；是个体将控制自身的责任推给外界，还是个体将控制自身的责任收归己有；是个人通过对自身的认识，暴露，分析，判断，与调节去想象，创造，完善自身呢，还是个人通过外界给自身贴的标签去做一个一成不变的机器上的螺丝钉呢；是个人用自己的血肉之躯在他人的眼睛中建立存在，还是个人用自己的自知，理性与逻辑给自身的存在下定义；是先形式后内容，先虚后实，先团体后个人的枪赋政权治人，还是先内容后形式，先个人后团体，先实后虚的天赋人权治政；是去追求一个一成不变的完美社会呢，还是去追求一个有自我调节机制，自我追求完善的，道德的但不完美社会呢；总之，是将个人作为一个被动体在混浊的自然与社会环境中拒绝选择，还是将个人作为一个主动体用知觉的武器在澄清自然与社会环境中做出选择。婊子与牌坊是不能并立的。

中国的专制的、大一统的文化是建筑在个人对“国家”（也就是安．兰德女士在“国歌”一书中提到的“我们”）的崇拜上。要击破中国的“朝代”与“人代”的恶性循环，就要击破这个对“国家”，对“我们”的崇拜。否则，中国将来的“民主”也与中国过去的“人民”一样，不过是专制的又一个时髦的代言词罢了。

安-兰德女士（Ayn Rand）在希特勒，斯大林时代的昨天，五十多年以前，就用“国歌”这部神话般美妙的小说一针见血地阐述了“个人与自我是人类社会进步的源泉”这一哲理。她的故事中的许多情节我想是几乎所有的中国人都有其亲身体验的。安．兰德女士用她那富有想象力的，简洁的语言说出了至今大多数中国人（虽然他们已经饱受其害）还没有认识到的简单而又极深刻的哲理。就是那几个简单的字所包融的含义，那几个字：人，个人，我，自我。

“国歌”一书是我在天安门惨案后，在一次为美国的自由党演讲之后，一位关心中国的美国自由党人爱仑．司达所赠送的。我只在此对他深表感谢。

1989年10月
于洛杉矶

【《国歌》（Anthem）是安-兰德（Ayn Rand）创作的小说，最初发表于1938年，陈凯翻译。】

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“国歌”- 安.兰德 著，陈凯 译
"ANTHEM" by Ayn Rand (In Chinese) Translation by Kai Chen

ATTENTION:



请阅读 ”国歌“ 全文

* Links to all the chapters of "Anthem" 国歌: Author: Ayn Rand 安. 兰德 Translator: Kai Chen 陈凯

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=524 ”译者序“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=558 ”作者前言“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=591 ”第一章“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=613 ”第二章“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=661 ”第三章“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=691 ”第四章“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=749 ”第五章“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=787 ”第六章“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=802 ”第七章“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=843 ”第八章“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=878 ”第九章“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=904 ”第十章“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=937 ”第十一章“

http://www.youpai.org/read.php?id=980 ”第十二章“

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Ayn Rand Video Links: 安. 兰德（视频链锁）[/b]

The John Galt Oath
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ltZwOsWxCTs&feature=related

John Galt's Speech - Atlas Shrugged
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNiJc7yxKHg

Quotes form Atlas Shrugged
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dm8OnDsWa7k

Glenn Beck on Atlas Shrugged
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yiu1JUsMBWY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DotjYdWzA_U

Ayn Rand - What is Capitalism
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXfIjO0ZtDc

The Fountainhead - Howard Roark Speech (Ayn Rand)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zc7oZ9yWqO4

Anthem by Ayn Rand
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dlJ6zY2bUlI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVndAnhQfC8

Ayn Rand's Ideas: An Introduction - Ayn Rand Center
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IGIWqaPMS5A

Ayn Rand - What is Capitalism
1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8GV9mZgUn...ynext=1&index=6
2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oo5q5wyIt...ynext=1&index=7
3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KrnHHJ4t0...ynext=1&index=9
4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f90KXTTh2ZY&feature=related
5. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXfIjO0ZtDc&feature=related

The Morality of Capitalism
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYU8KZz91OA

Ayn Rand Mike Wallace Interview
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ukJiBZ8_4k

Ayn Rand (1905-1982)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUOIWdwYy98

HERO WORSHIP: Patricia Neal in "The Fountainhead"
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BhMm04gtFRg

Anti-racism VS Collectivism
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WHq2F_QA6cc

Ayn Rand A Sense Of Life
1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=risnxxgrVGE
2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p80Kq6VbWOQ
3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lqA37mPZGO4

Ayn Rand Interview with Tom Snyder
1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4doTzCs9lEc
2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ex-rVkOFHU
3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFy9A7WEzPA

Ayn Rand Phil Donahue Interview
1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FzGFytGBDN8
2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUwTHn-9hhU
3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6N4KbLbGYgk
4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-q7cje1I3VM
5. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qfqq4VKh1xM

Ayn Rand on racism
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VHrHMLeWCrA

Ayn Rand Mike Wallace Interview
1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ukJiBZ8_4k
2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMTDaVpBPR0
3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEruXzQZhNI

The Age of Mediocrity - Ayn Rand (1981)
1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVVFzgzZ-...ex=0&playnext=1
2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BL_qSDY9xW8&feature=related
3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygngnCsqE_M&feature=related
4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9fgTm30NYY&feature=related
5. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mCDm7ZAt3XY&feature=related
6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-M9XmeA9WM&feature=related

Atlas Shrugged
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=STnUlpHf720&feature=related

"This is John Galt Speaking"
1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yOt6rUkU5xY&feature=related
2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=luKo_w-EVmU&feature=related
3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A7T0B1OUAFA&feature=related
4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfgFd9MJYg8&feature=related
5. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sKYX_o-g-b0&feature=related
6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-ajrwka2RE
7. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jyJJC-J2g7A
8. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOd42r7szQY
9. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16N_76mlsMk
10. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s-4oehFZI-k
11. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4D3TFHL_JQ
12. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I03sQzS-pM8
13. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkSXqFUtKD4
14. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sxMeLEoPa_o
15. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZamzenkteTk
16. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_0JcGpKqso
17. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BwNeqjZmmFA

发表于: Sat Jul 08, 2006 8:31 am 发表主题: Passion of Ayn Rand

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价值一语 Words of Value:

A free man first creates wheels; the man-eater first creates Dialectics. --- Ayn Rand

一个自由人会先想到发明轮子； 一个食人者会先想到发明辩证法。 --- 安. 兰德

Ayn Rand is one of the pioneers who first established the moral foundation of Capitalism and the concept of Objectivity in morals and ethics. Her passion for truth and justice is one that is unparalleled among modern philosophical thinkers. I am honored to be the first one to translate her works into Chinese. --- Kai Chen

安. 兰德女士是一个资本主义道德理念的奠基人。 她也详尽地阐述了道德理念中的客观概念（道德的绝对性）。 她对真理与正义的执著与激情的追求使她成为了一个杰出的现代哲学思想家。 我很荣幸能成为首先将她的著作翻译成中文的人。 --- 陈凯

***********************************

Dear Visitors:

As Ayn Rand's "Anthem" is being published here on Youpai.org, and as the first one honored to have translated her works into Chinese, I just want to say a few words to introduce Ayn Rand, the philosopher, the thinker, the passionate freedom fighter to you, so you can have some background and understanding about where she came from and why I had translated her works into Chinese.

Ayn Rand was a Russian Jewish woman who was persecuted in her native land during the Stalin era. She later immigrated to Germany and eventually came to America. Having witnessed first hand what tyranny could do to humanity and human psyche, she was determined to use her writing to expose the evil of totalitarianism and despotism. Among her passionate literary works, mostly romantic philosophical novels, she poignantly and ruthlessly tore down the facade of communism and all totalitarian regimes with her imaginative and artistic style. Her early works include "We the Living" which depicts a freedom-loving Russian woman who lived under Stalinist regime and her struggle to free herself. That novel is the closest one to her autobiography.

She later wrote the famous novel "Fountainhead" which is a major philosophical and literary accomplishment. Among her early writings, she also wrote vaious books on morals and ethics such as "The Virtue of Sesfishness" to espouse the intrinsic morality in Capitalism. Finally she finished her most encompassing novel "Atlas Shrugged" which even today is still one of the best sellers. It also is ranked as the second most influential literary book in American life, right after Bible, of all time.

"We the Living" and "Fountainhead" have been made movies and you can acquire them via video archive or in the video stores. Due to the ideological bias of the 1940's Hollywood, "We the Living" could only be made a movie overseas for its anti-communist theme.

Though Ayn Rand claimed herself as an atheist, her passion and belief in human liberty and progress can only define herself as among the most faithful, in my view. I hope you enjoy my translation of her works. And I thank Youpai.org for their effort and tireless work to publish Ayn Rand's writings.

I thank you for visiting my forum and reading Ayn Rand's short novel "Anthem" (国歌) in Chinese.

PS. I translated "Anthem" into "国歌" because the Chinese always see their dynasties, their emperors, their Chairman, their nation, their Party-State or their collective as God. The English word "Anthem" itself has meaning of "圣歌" or "赞美歌". But I prefer "国歌"，for exactly the above reason.

Best. Kai Chen 陈凯

Last edited Sun Oct 09, 2011 8:27 am | Scroll up
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#2

RE: “国歌”安. 兰德著，陈凯译 "Anthem" Translation by Kai Chen

in 陈凯论坛 Kai Chen Forum 不自由，毋宁死! Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death! Fri Oct 14, 2011 7:17 am
by ksk
avatar

也许译为“赞歌”更好？


anthem
an·them (ănthəm)
n.
A hymn of praise or loyalty.
A choral composition having a sacred or moralizing text in English.
A modern ballad accompanied by rock music instrumentation.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Middle English anteme, from Old English antefn, from Late Latin antiphōna, from Late Greek, from neuter pl. of antiphōnos, sounding in answer : anti-, in return; see anti- + phōnē, voice; see bhā-2 in Indo-European Roots.]


an·them n.
Pronunciation: 'an(t)-thəm
Function: noun
Etymology: Middle English antem, from Old English antefn, from Late Latin antiphona, from Late Greek antiphōna, plural of antiphōnon, from Greek, neuter of antiphōnos responsive, from anti- + phōnē sound ― more at BAN
Date: before 12th century

1 a : a psalm or hymn sung antiphonally or responsively b : a sacred vocal composition with words usually from the Scriptures
2 : a song or hymn of praise or gladness
3 : a usually rousing popular song that typifies or is identified with a particular subculture, movement, or point of view <anthems of teenage angst>
–an·the·mic \ˌan(t)-'thē-mik, -'the-\ adjective

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#3

RE: “国歌”安. 兰德著，陈凯译 "Anthem" Translation by Kai Chen

in 陈凯论坛 Kai Chen Forum 不自由，毋宁死! Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death! Fri Oct 14, 2011 9:02 am
by ksk
avatar

“我很荣幸能成为首先将她的著作翻译成中文的人。 --- 陈凯"
实际上已有支文翻译的了。
http://www.verycd.com/topics/2890788/
但是，英文和支文无论在语言学意义上的水平上，或者是语言背后的所关联的文化（culture）或者文明（civilization），逻辑等水平上，都相差太远。
横向比较，两者亦不是一个语系。而支文甚至连时态都没有。
所以无论怎么翻，信息损失量和信息被扭曲的量都是极大的。
被扭曲的例子如
教育与education，支语中教育是从上往下灌输，一种威权（Authoritarianism）主义的灌输。而education的原意是”向外引导出来的“。
科学与science，科学这二字容易让人想到科举。然而，其真正意义是to know，重点词根是sci。
[Middle English, knowledge, learning, from Old French, from Latin scientia, from sciēns, scient- present participle of scīre, to know. See skei- in Indo-European Roots.]

现代支语中的绝大部分实词（梦想，理想，世界【现代意义上】，社会【现代意义上】，物理，化学，政府，人民，革命，等等，你可以举无数个例子）和部分虚词（～的，～性，～主义）的翻译基本全部照抄日本19世纪中晚期和二十世纪初期的二手翻译，即使有极少数的不是，但也是在这个基础上发展的。然而现在日本也早抛弃这种翻译，转而采用通过词根的直接音译。
但是，你的翻译肯定比那个人强。

PS. I translated "Anthem" into "国歌" because the Chinese always see their dynasties, their emperors, their Chairman, their nation, their Party-State or their collective as God. The English word "Anthem" itself has meaning of "圣歌" or "赞美歌". But I prefer "国歌"，for exactly the above reason.

另外，建议你在翻译时不要用太多的语言学意义上的归化（naturalization）。你亦很明白，支语已经烂，臭，低级，混乱，封闭到极低的地步了。你不应该迁就一些支人的阅读习惯，或者所谓的语言习惯，therefore大量的扭曲了词汇原意而使用归化，这对支那人中，渴望新思想，想离开支那集体主义和共产主义，以及其恶劣低级以及对个体扼杀的酱缸厕所文化的人并无帮助。你应该更多的使用原意翻译，即使这会产生大量的异化（alienation）。如果没有合适的汉字词来表示，你可以根据英文词的词根自造”符合原意“的新汉词。我想，对于大多数真正的想通过阅读来获得新感受以及了解新东西的人来说，你多使用符合英文单词原意的翻译，反而是他们想要的。
再者，从已发生的历史来看，作品，包括对作品的翻译，亦有塑造语言本身的效果。比如KJV的圣经，它是一个翻译的作品，instead of original version。但是，它对现代英语的语言产生了很大的影响。一本尽量符合作品原意的支语翻译，伴随着一些新词和新的语法形式，以及用法，亦可对看这个翻译的群体，（对）他们心中的支语产生影响。在这一点上，您不应小视了自己的力量。作为这一点的影响而言，我想看这本书的支文翻译的人，绝大多数都是有一定知识的，同时又有一定开拓精神的追求新东西的人，最重要的是，他们或多或少都对支那，支那文化，支共，以及所谓的伪“支那民族”概念，有一定怀疑。如果能从这些人开始，他们先受您尽量符合原意，创造新词和新用法的影响，从这一点上，影响到其精神和世界观，即使其仍不得不用支语思考，但与过去相比而言（在这种语言的支配下进行这种思考）仍有提升；那么，也许这本翻译能在劣支文化和劣支语言上打开一个缺口，为其劣等文化和劣等语言的提升产生助力，也是有可能的。
作为一个支那人和作为一个现代意义上的自由人是完全有冲突的，实际上即使是与作为1776年美国意义上的自由人亦是完全有冲突的：
We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness—-That to secure these Rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just Powers from the Consent of the Governed, that whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these Ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it, and to institute a new Government, laying its Foundation on such Principles, and organizing its Powers in such Form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.
拿上面1776年的这段powerful statement，与支那文化的君君臣臣父父子子，以及所谓的“礼”（其原意=等级制度）一比，高下立判。更多请参见“奴化的人——支那文化的深层结构”一书。
支共，支那文化，支那社会，伪“支那民族”概念（包括伪血统共同论及伪历史共同论及伪语言共同论和伪文化共同论），以及最significant，支那语，锁死了任何位于其中的个体，从灵魂到肉体，从物质到精神；而且无论你在体制内地位如何。结果是，整个群体达到了博弈论（Game Theory）里所显现的一种博弈结局——“大家一起烂”，在这一点上，有点类似于囚徒困境。
生为支那人，虽然可以选择自己以后路怎么走（虽然不可以选择出生），以及通过对支那的认识，可以获得一个文化上的比较的对象；然而，这种利益与其（=作为支那出生，支那长大）的悲惨本质，以及其带来的坏处相比较，不可同日而语。这条通往自由的路，利益是极大的，然而pains，melancholy even agonies，仍是存在的；对于仍身处支那粪坑的然而仍在坚持的人来说，这个有时还要加上极端的solitude和despair。
在这里我想感谢Kai Chen 先生一直以来的为出生为支那人但想成为自由人的人们引路，以及他翻译这些作品所花费的时间和精力等。我知道您之所以干这些是因为您自己可以从中获得足够的benefits（包括在翻译中的self-improvement，以及对追求自由精神的满足感以及开博写文的sense of self-achievenment等，也许还有些其它的你自己知道但我不知道东西），但我仍想感谢您。
最后我想说，追求自由的人们，让我们在一个自由的地方，在一种自由的文化下，说着一种自由的语言，拥有的是一种自由的mentality，being（表存在）一种自由的identity（self认同），to meet each other。

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#4

RE: "Anthem" Translation by Kai Chen

in 陈凯论坛 Kai Chen Forum 不自由，毋宁死! Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death! Sun Nov 27, 2011 3:42 pm
by fountainheadkc • 1.401 Posts

Thanks ksk for your comment. I appreciate it.

I translated "Anthem" right after Tiananmen Massacre. Though my version is not the one in the bookstores now, it is the earliest version and in my own opinion, the best translated version. Back in the 1980s, very few people in China knew the name Ayn Rand.

I concur with your point on the defect of the Chinese language - a language that should have been abandoned into the museum of human communication. Yet, the passion inside of me compelled me to have translated "Anthem" into Chinese, for it is the Chinese who need the messages from Ayn Rand the most. That is why I have to resort to such perverted language, though most of the time I have to come up with re-invention of phrases, to communicate with the Chinese. If you have better suggestion, please let me know. Best wishes to you. Kai Chen

Last edited Sun Nov 27, 2011 3:55 pm | Scroll up
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